Give explanation of bases of uniform state system of environmental monitoring

The decision to establish and operate the USME OS and PR is enshrined in the Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Article 138). A unified state system for monitoring the environment and natural resources is a multi-purpose and information system that includes monitoring of the state of the environment and natural resources, as well as analysis of data on their actual state for making managerial and economic decisions in order to ensure environmental safety, protection, reproduction and rational Use of natural resources, as well as sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population. The principles of a unified state system for monitoring the environment and natural resources are: 1. functioning on the basis of a single organizational, methodological, metrological and information approach; 2. maximum use of the capabilities of existing state and other monitoring systems.

The tasks of the unified state system for monitoring the environment and natural resources are: 1. obtaining reliable and comparable information on the state of the environment, biodiversity and ecosystems, sources of anthropogenic impact, environmental factors affecting the health of the population; 2. Assessment and forecast of the state of the environment, levels of anthropogenic impact, indicators of the state of the biosphere, the functional integrity of ecosystems; 3. providing data for the analysis of the effectiveness of management decisions taken and the measures taken to ensure environmental safety.

Article 140. Content of the Unified State System for Monitoring the Environment and Natural Resources

The contents of the Unified State System for Monitoring the Environment and Natural Resources comprise the following monitoring subsystems: 1) monitoring the state of the environment;

2) monitoring of natural resources;3) special types of monitoring.

Article 141. Monitoring of the state of the environment

1. Environmental monitoring includes the following types:

1) monitoring of the state of atmospheric air; 2) monitoring of the state of atmospheric precipitation; 3) monitoring the quality of water resources; 4) monitoring of the state of soils;5) meteorological monitoring;6) radiation monitoring; 7) monitoring of transboundary pollution; 8) background monitoring.

2. Monitoring of the state of the environment is organized by the authorized body in the field of environmental protection.3. Monitoring of the state of atmospheric air - a system for monitoring the state of atmospheric air pollution in the settlements of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 4. Monitoring of the state of atmospheric precipitation - a system for monitoring the chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation, which serves as an indicator of atmospheric pollution, as well as monitoring the content of substances in the snow cover to assess regional air pollution in the winter and identify the distribution of pollutants from populated areas and industrial sites.5. Monitoring of the qualitative state of water resources - a system for monitoring the state of the quality of surface and groundwater.6. Monitoring of soil condition - a system for monitoring the state of technogenic pollution of soils on the lands of settlements, irrigated areas and agricultural lands.7. Meteorological monitoring - a system of complex meteorological observations, including actinometric, thermal balance, ozonometric, aerological, physical parameters of the atmosphere and underlying surface in order to provide state authorities, individuals and legal entities with weather information, compilation of short-term, long-term meteorological, agrometeorological forecasts.