Контрольное задание 6

ВАРИАНТ 4

I. Прочтите и переведите текст Reinforced concrete

Reinforced concrete is a building material that combines advantageously the load-bearing abilities of concrete and of steel, which differ greatly in mechanical properties. Similar to other rock materials concrete operates well in compression, but is brittle and poor in tension. Tensile strength of concrete is equal to 1/15 - 1/10th of compressive strength, so that it is bad practice to use it in units subjected to tensile stresses, since the units must be made very heavy. But steel, which is very strong in tension, is capable of resisting tensile forces that may arise in reinforced concrete units.

Reinforced-concrete items are most advantageous in units subject to bending, when both tensile and compressive stresses take place. Steel resists the former, and concrete, the latter, so that the composite unit successfully withstands the bending loads. In this manner the load resisting abilities of steel and of concrete are combined in a single material – reinforced concrete.

The successful combination in reinforced concrete of two materials with greatly differing properties is based on the following factors: strong bond of concrete with steel reinforcement so that the two materials offer a combined resistance to loads; almost equal thermal expansion coefficients of steel and concrete, this making reinforced concrete a monolithic item; concrete is not only non-aggressive with respect to steel, but even protects it against corrosion.

Depending on the reinforcing technique and the state of reinforcement, distinction is made between common and prestressed reinforced concrete.

 

II. Ответьте на следующий вопрос:

What are advantages of reinforced concrete?

 

ВАРИАНТ

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ 1

Чтобы правильно выполнить задание 1, необходимо ус­воить следующие разделы курса

25. Существительные. Множественное число существительных. Притяжательный падеж. Существительное в функции определения

26. Прилагательные. Степени сравнения

27. Числительные

28. Местоимения

29. Present, Past, Future Indefinite. Глаголы to be, to have в Present, Past, Future Indefinite. Повелительное наклонение

30. Оборот there + be

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ 1 (К УПР. 1)

The students attend lectures and seminars on History	Студенты посещают лекции и семинары по истории
Lectures – множественное число от существительного а lecture лекция
He lectures on political economy.	Он читает лекции по политической экономии
Lectures – 3–е лицо единственного числа от глагола to lecture в Present Indefinite
My brother’s son is a student.	Сын моего брата – студент.
Слово brother’s – форма притяжательного падежа существительного

 

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ 2 (К УПР. IV)

Lomonosov founded the first Russian University in Moscow.

Ломоносов основал первый русский университет в Москве.

Founded - Past Indefinite Active от стандартного глагола to found.

ВАРИАНТ 5

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи явля­ются слова, оформленные окончанием -s и какую функ­цию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существи­тельного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени сущес­твительного (см. образец выполнения 1)

1. The Novopolotsk chemical works produces polyethylene and nitron.

2. A well-known scientist works at this plant.

3. The workers' hostel is within 20 minutes' walk from the plant.

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существитель­ными

1. Novopolotsk is a young people town.

2. We have a large State library in our city.

3. The scientists developed new synthetic rubber products.

 

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержа­щие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык

1. Automatic devices make labour safer and easier.

2. The average age of the Novopolotsk inhabitants is the youngest in Byelorussia.

3. The more often you visit St. Petersburg, the more you like it.

 

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфи­нитив; переведите предложения на русский язык (см. обра­зец выполнения 2)

1. The Novopolotsk Polytechnical Institute is more than ten years old.

2. Novopolotsk came into existence as a town of chemistry.

3. The young town of Byelorussian oil chemists grows from day to day.

 

V. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переве­дите 2, 3, 4 и 5-й абзацы.

MY FRIEND’S DAY OFF

1. Kate is my best friend. I know her from childhood. We studied at school together. Kate is a second-year student. She studies at Chita State University, at the Power Engineering Institute. But she doesn’t go to the University on Sundays.

2. She can get up at 8 or 9 o’clock. It is not so early as she has to get up during the week. She makes her bed, turns on the radio and does her morning exercises. Then she goes to the bathroom where she washes herself. After that she dresses, goes to the kitchen and has breakfast. She has a ham sandwich and drinks a glass of juice. She listens to some music during her breakfast. After breakfast her father and she go to the shops and buy all they need. They buy bread, sugar, milk, fruits and vegetables.

3. Then she does her homework. It usually takes her three hours. She likes to learn oral subjects, but she doesn’t like written exercises.

4. On Sundays they usually have dinner at two o’clock. They have got meat or fish, roast potatoes, some fruit, drink coffee or tea with a cake. Then Kate has some rest. She goes for a walk with her friends or goes to the park. Sometimes she goes to the museum or to the exhibition.

5. She has supper at 7 o’clock in the evening. She tries to spend her free time usefully. After supper she reads books, newspapers or magazines, plays chess or watches TV. She prefers documentary films and films about different countries. Sometimes she goes to the theatre on Sunday. At about 11 o’clock she goes to bed.

V. Прочитайте 5-й абзац и ответьте письменно на вопрос: What films does she prefer?