2018-01-21
1521
Richard Trevithick
Richard Trevithick was a British inventor and mining engineer. He was born in the heart of one of the richest mining areas of Cornwall. He was the only boy in the family of six children. At school he concentrated more on sport than schoolwork.
Trevithick first went to work at the age of 19. He was enthusiastic and quickly gained the status as a consultant, unusual for such a young person. As his experience grow, he realized that improvements in boiler technology permitted the safe production of high pressure steam, which could move a piston in a steam engine. He was an early pioneer of steam powered road and rail transport. He built the first working railway steam locomotive in 1801 and named it “Puffing Devil”. He successfully demonstrated this locomotive on Christmas Eve that year. This is widely recognized as the first demonstration of transportation powered by steam.
Turning his interest abroad, Trevithick also worked as a mining consultant in Peru and Costa Rica. Throughout his professional career, he went through many ups and downs and even faced the financial ruin. He also suffered from the strong rivalry of many mining and steam engineers of that time. During the prime of his career, he was a well-respected and known figure in mining and engineering, but near the end of his life he fell out of the public eye.
R.Trevithick died on 22 April 1833 and was buried in Dartford. There is a plaque situated in Abercynon. It says “In commemoration of the achievements of Richard Trevithick who constructed the first steam locomotive”.
Задание 6. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста. Используйте фразы: It is right. It is wrong. Исправьте неверные утверждения.
1. R.Trevithick was a Russiam inventor and mining engineer.
2. Trevithick first went to work at the age of 15.
3. He was a pioneer of electric powered road.
4. He built the first working railway steam locomotive in 1801.
Вариант 2
Задание 1. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление прилагательных в сравнительной и превосходной степенях. Подчеркните прилагательные в английских предложениях и укажите степень сравнения.
1. Steel made the cars much lighter and safer than the old wooden cars.
2. Railway transport is one of the cheapest ways of transporting freight over long distances.
3. It is more convenient to carry these goods by lorry than by rail.
Задание 2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени.
1. Railways are the (important) form of transport in Russia.
2. The cars that are built today become (comfortable).
3. Our (good) diesel locomotive develops a speed of 170 km per hour.
Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию (основной, вспомогательный, модальный) глаголов TO BE и TO HAVE. Подчеркните эти глаголы в английском варианте.
1. The railways were invented before the age of steam.
2. A railway track is steel rails on wooden sleepers (шпалы)
3. Nowadays various machines have replaced hard manual labor.
4. Train No3 is to arrive at platform 2.
5. The civil engineers are trying to find out the most suitable route.
Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Simple) (Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременную форму и залог.
1. For many years engineers tried to find a new material for making sleepers (шпалы).
2. Some changes were made in the original design.
3. We find a lot of information about this invention on the Internet.
