2015-10-13
5374
Многие наречия (в основном наречия образа действия) имеют степени сравнения: положительную, сравнительную и превосходную, которые образуются так же как и степени сравнения прилагательных.
| Положительная степень | Сравнительная степень | Превосходная степень |
| 1. Односложные наречия и наречие early. | ||
| fast– быстро soon – скоро early – рано | faster – быстрее sooner – скорее earlier – раньше | (the) fastest – быстрее всего (the) soonest – скорее всего (the) earliest – раньше всего |
| 2. Наречия, образованные от прилагательных при помощи суффикса - ly. | ||
| clearly – ясно | more clearly – яснее less clearly – менее ясно | (the) most clearly– яснее всего (the) least clearly– наименее ясно |
| 3. Наречия well – хорошо, badly – плохо, much – много, little– мало, far – далеко образуют степени сравнения от других корней. | ||
| well– хорошо badly – плохо much – много little – мало far – далеко | better – лучше worse– хуже more – больше less – меньше fаrther – дальше further – дальше | (the) best – лучше всего (the) worst – хуже всего (the) most – больше всего (the) least – меньше всего (the) farthest – дальше всего (the) furthest – дальше всего |
They normally play much better. Они обычно играют гораздо лучше.
She did the job the worst of all. Она выполнила работу хуже всех.
Упражнение 1. Образуйте от следующих прилагательных сравнительную и превосходную степень:
Big, heavy, dirty, clean, near, bad, famous, little, much, clever, good, expensive, cheap, important, pale, hot, beautiful, large, practical, fat, early, pretty, happy, bright, dark, dry, flat, fresh, full, quick, late, nice, rich, sad, thin, thick, wet, weak, funny, easy, lazy, ugly, comfortable, quiet, far.
Упражнение 2. Составьте предложения:
Образец: Life/becoming/hard – Life is becoming harder and harder.
Life/becoming/difficult – Life is becoming more and more difficult.
1. people/living/long 2. going abroad/becoming/popular 3. crime/becoming/common 4. the light in the rooms/becoming/dim 5. computers/becoming/expensive 6. factories/employing/few/workers 7. his heart/beating/hard 8. Moscow/becoming/beautiful 9. his voice/becoming/weak 10. nights in winter/becoming/long.
Упражнение 3. Выберите правильный вариант:
1. Martin was the (more talented/most talented) of the two brothers. 2. Of the three shirts I like the blue one (better/best). 3. My dog is the (prettier/prettiest) of the two. 4. This summary is the (better/best) of the two presented. 5. There are nine planets in our solar system and Pluto is the (farther/farthest). 6. Mary is the (tallest/taller) of the two girls. 7. The boss likes my plan (better/best) of the two. 8. This is the (less difficult/least difficult) of the four cases. 9. This knife is the (sharpest/sharper) of the two. 10. Mother was the (more/most) beautiful of seven daughters.
Упражнение 4. Образуйте от прилагательных, стоящих в скобках, сравнительную или превосходную степень в зависимости от смысла:
1. The Trans-Siberian railway is (long) in the world. 2. The twenty-second of December is the (short) in the year. 3. Iron is the (useful) of all metals. 4. The Neva is (wide) and (deep) than the Moskva River. 5. Elbrus is the (high) peak in the Caucasian mountains. 6. His plan is (practical) than yours. 7. His plan is (practical) of all. 8. This room is (small) than all the rooms in the house. 9. London is the (large) city in England. 10. Silver is (heavy) than cooper. 11. This wall is (low) than that one. 12. This experience is (good) than the last one. 13. My cigarettes are (bad) than yours. 14. Yesterday was the (hot) day we have this summer. 15. We must wait for some (far) instructions. 16. Who is that boy in the (far) corner of the room? 17. He is my (old) pen-friend. 18. I am (old) than you. 19. Jim is the (old) son in the family. 20. He is two years (old) than Mary. 21. This chapter is the (late) in this book. 22. What is the (late) new? 23. My sister is much (old) than myself. 24. This is the (warm) room in the house. 25. Only when (late) guest left the room she signed freely. 26. She is much (useful) at home than here. 27. She is (beautiful) girl I have ever seen. 28. He is one of (good) engineers of the plant. 29. Today your answer is (bad) than last week.
Упражнение 5. Образуйте от прилагательных, стоящих в скобках, сравнительную или превосходную степень в зависимости от смысла:
1. That is (incredible) story I have ever heard. 2. It is not always (bright) students who do well in tests. 3. Terylene shirts are (hard) wearing, but cotton shirts are much (comfortable). 4. Which is (deep), Lake Michigan or Lake Superior? 5. She is far (self-confident) than she used to be. 6. (tall) man among the guests is a basketball player. 7. I like both of them, but I think Kate is (easy) to talk to. 8. Most people are (well off) than their parents used to be. 9. She has a lot to be thankful for; but (sad) thing of all is that she does not realize it. 10. I want to buy a car – (powerful) one than you have. 11. You look a lot (sad) than you did last time I saw you. 12. There is nothing (irritating) than locking yourself out of your own house. 13. Both roads lead to the city centre, but the left-hand one is probably a bit (short) and (direct). 14. The boys in our school are much (good-looking) and a lot (good) at football than the boys in other schools in the town.
Упражнение 6. Сравните два предмета, употребляя нужную степень прилагательного:
Образец: Gold – silver (expensive) – Gold is more expensive than silver.
English grammar – German grammar (easy); Winter – summer (warm); July – January (cold); The Urals – the Caucasus (high); The Mississippi – the Thames (long); Days in summer – days in winter (short); Italy – France (small); The Black Sea – the Pacific Ocean (deep); The climate in England – the climate in Russia (severe).
Упражнение 7. Откройте скобки и дайте правильную форму сравнительной конструкции:
Образец: (Much) you read, (well) you will know English. – The more you read, the better you will know English.
1. (Interesting) the book is, (fast) you read it. 2. (Early) you come, (quickly) we finish the work. 3. (Hot) the weather is, (bad) I feel. 4. (Soon) he takes the medicine, (well) he will feel. 5. (Little) she ate, (angry) she was. 6. (Long) the children saw the film, (frightened) they felt. 7. (late) you come, (little) you will sleep. 8. (Much) you study, (clever) you will become. 9. (Cold) the winter is, (hot) the summer will be. 10. (Near) you come up, (well) you will see the picture.
Упражнение 8. Сравните два предмета как показано на примере:
Образец: A lemon – an apple (sour) – A lemon is sourer than an apple.
An apple is not so sour as a lemon.
1. The Black Sea – the White Sea (warm); 2. Oil – water (light); 3. Bulgaria – Russia (small); 4. Butter – caviar (cheap); 5. Stone – wood (heavy); 6. Carrots – cucumbers (useful); 7. China – Japan (large); 8. Meat – vegetables (expensive); 9. Japanese – Spanish (difficult); 10. The Indian Ocean – the Arctic Ocean (warm).
Упражнение 9. Заполните пропуски словами as…as, so…as:
1. The temperature today is …high…it was yesterday. 2. He is not …old…he looks. 3. He is …strong…his brother. 4. This street is …wide…the next one. 5. The trunk is not …heavy…I expected it to be. 6. His radio set is not …powerful …mine. 7. She is …tall…her sister. 8. In Kislovodsk it is not…hot…in Sochi.
Упражнение 10. Закончите предложения, употребив сравнительные конструкции as…as, not so…as:
1. I know that your job is important, but my job is important too. My job is …
2. The bicycle is fast, but the car is faster. The bicycle is…
3. Her knowledge is poor, but he knows a bit more. His knowledge is…
4. He is lazy, but his brother is lazy too. He is…
5. Their furniture costs $ 700, and ours is $ 870. Their furniture is…
6. France is big. Belgium is not a big country. Belgium is…
7. Her wages are $ 200 a week, and mine are $ 150. My wages are…
8. She is beautiful, but I like her sister better. I think, she is…
9. He is tall, but I am taller. He is …
10. Tverskaya and Arbat are crowded streets. Tverskaya Street is…
Упражнение 11. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на степень сравнения прилагательных:
1. Возьмите этот чемодан (suitcase), он легче вашего. 2. В районе West End находятся самые дорогие магазины. 3. Что ты собираешься делать дальше? 4. Я думаю, что он старше вас, но моложе меня. 5. Это самый талантливый студент в нашей группе. 6. Хотя у нас были самые плохие места, нам очень понравился спектакль (performance). 7. Где ближайшее почтовое отделение? 8. Последний поезд прибывал в полночь. 9. Последние известия были совсем неинтересные. 10. Они получили дополнительные сведения по этому вопросу.
