Reported Questions Косвенные вопросы
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При переводе любого вопроса в косвенную речь порядок слов становится прямым (подлежащее + сказуемое).
Общий вопрос Специальный вопрос
"Do you go to school?" "Where do you live?"
She asked me if I went to school. I asked him where he lived.
Reported Commands and Requests Косвенные приказания и просьбы
Без отрицания: С отрицанием:
"Open the door," he said. "Don't open the door," he said.
He told me to open the door. He told me not to open the door.
Reporting Verbs
Глаголы, используемые
для передачи косвенной речи
Say (said) используется либо без дополнения, либо с предлогом to и дополнением (обычно только при введении прямой речи): Не said we must come in the morning; "Don't cry," he said to her.
После tell (told) обычно используется прямое дополнение (без предлога): Не told us we must come in the morning.
Помимо этих двух глаголов, существуют много других, которые помогают более четко выразить смысл высказывания.
Reporting Verb | Translation | Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
1. V + inf. | |||
agree | соглашаться | 'OK, I'll do it.' | He agreed to do it. |
claim | заявлять | 'I know him.' | She claimed to know him. |
demand | требовать | 'Let me go.' | He demanded to let him go. |
offer | предлагать | 'I'll give you a lift.' | She offered to give me a lift. |
promise | обещать | 'I'll pay you back.' | He promised to pay me back. |
refuse | отказываться | 'No, we won't do it.' | We refused to do it. |
threaten | угрожать | 'I'll tell mom.' | She threatened to tell mom. |
2. V + smb + inf. | |||
advise | советовать | 'You should | She advised me |
sleep more.' | to sleep more. | ||
allow | позволять | 'You can go now.' | She allowed me to go. |
beg | умолять | 'Please, help me.' | I begged to help me. |
command | приказывать | 'Stand up!' | He commanded to stand up. |
forbid | запрещать | 'Don't go there.' | He forbade us to go there. |
invite | приглашать | 'Will you come | She invited me |
to the party?' | to the party. | ||
order | приказывать | 'Go to your room.' | He ordered me to go to my room. |
remind | напоминать | 'Don't forget | He reminded me |
to call me.' | to call him. | ||
warn | предупреждать | 'Don't touch it.' | I warned her not to touch it. |
3. V + -ing | |||
accuse (of) | обвинять | 'You killed him!' | She accused me of killing him. |
admit | признавать(ся) | 'I've told her.' | He admitted telling her. |
apologize | извиняться | 'I'm sorry I'm late.' | He apologized |
(for) | for being late. | ||
boast | хвастать | 'I'm the smartest!' | He boasted of |
(about / of) | being the smartest. | ||
complain (of) | жаловаться | 'I'm having | She complained of |
a headache.' | having a headache. | ||
confess (to) | признаваться | 'I took the money.' | He confessed to taking the money. |
deny | отрицать | 'I don't know her!' | He denied knowing her. |
forbid (from) | запрещать | 'Don't come in.' | He forbade me from coming in. |
insist on | настаивать | 'I will pay.' | He insisted on his paying. |
suggest | предлагать | 'Let's go out.' | They suggested going out. |
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