2018-01-21
2346
concern the relationship between the individual and the state; govern political relations; within a given society; reflect a particular distribution of political power; a very high degree of consensus about the organs and procedures; be governed by law; constitutional lawyer; political parties; organized activity; public good
Найдите в тексте словосочетания с данными юридическими терминами.
freedom; power; lawyer; rules; relations; law; society; decisions, elections, claim, conduct
*4. Соотнесите словосочетания и их английские эквиваленты.
1. требования социальной a. rules of constitutional law
справедливости b. claims of social justice
2. структура и полномочия с. attitude to marriage
государства d. structure and powers of the state
3. принять политические е. take political decisions
решения
4. нормы конституционного
права
5. отношение к браку
Выразите согласие или несогласие с данными утверждениями.
1. Law is a matter of rales which govern relations between private
individuals.
2. Law exists in a social and political vacuum.
3. The laws of football are rarely broken.
4. Constitutional law is one branch of human learning.
5. Constitutional law reflects the value that people attach to orderly
human relations.
Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is constitutional law based on?
2. How can law be denned?
3. What is the main principle of a constitutional lawyer?
2. How does law reflect the life of a given society?
5. In which way does constitutional law act in a stable society?
6. What does constitutional law reflect in a stable democracy?
3. How can we define constitutional law?
4. How are laws made?
Text 2
WHAT IS CONSTITUTIONAL LAW?
There is no hard and fast definition of constitutional law. According to one very wide definition, constitutional law is that part of the law which relates to the system of government of the country. It is more useful to define constitutional law as meaning those laws which regulate the structure of the principal organs of government and their relationship to each other and to the citizen, and determine their main functions. Where there is a written constitution, emphasis is placed on the rales which it contains and on the way in which they have been interpreted by the highest court with constitutional jurisdiction. It is increasingly recognised that in most branches of law, the purpose and operation of legal rales can be understood only with a knowledge of the social background against which the legal rules operate: legal procedures for the resolution of disputes arising within a family, a trade union or a limited company are an incomplete guide to the role of these institutions in society.
A further problem of definition is that, unlike legal system in which law is divided up into a series of codes, there is no hard and fast demarcation in Britain between constitutional law and other branches of law. For example, in the field of family law, important protection for family life is given by the European Convention oh Human Rights, and family status is an important basis for many rules of immigration control. Numerous civil liberty issues arise out of criminal law and procedure. In property law, public control of private rights is a fertile field for the emergence of disputes involving a clash between public and private interests. These examples are not meant to suggest that constitutional law comprehends the whole of the legal system, but that the functioning of the legal system is of direct concern to constitutional law.
Notes
determine the main functions — определять основные функции emphasis is placed on — особое внимание уделяется the resolution of dispute — решение спора civil liberty issues — вопросы гражданских свобод clash between public and private interests — конфликт (противоречие) между общественными и частными интересами
comprehend the whole of the legal system - охватывать всю законодательную систему
be of direct concern to constitutional law - непосредственно подпадать под действие конституционного права
Упражнения
*7. Соотнесите слова в левой колонке с их определениями в правой.
1. resolution a. special attention given to something because it is
2. peculiar important
3. emphasis b. to find out or make certain (facts or information)
4. concern с a formal statement of decision or opinion
5. clash d. unusual and strange
6. determine e. disagreement, conflict
f. a worried feeling or a state of anxiety
8. Найдите в тексте словосочетания со следующими юридическими
терминами.
law, government, jurisdiction, procedures, codes, control, system, rights
