2018-02-13
1914
Text 5.BAGGAGE ESSENTIALS
Hand baggage
Hand baggage is something that you take onto the aircraft with you.Usually you are allowed one piece of hand baggage plus a laptop or handbag.A 23kg maximum bag weight applies and you must be able to lift the bag into the overhead lockers in the aircraft cabin unaided.
Your main piece of hand baggage is up to the dimensions 56cm x 45cm x 25cm (22in x 18in x10in), including the handle, pockets and wheels. You can easily check whether you bag suit these sizes. You can put your bag into the bag gauge, available at the check-in area. And in case your bag fits the bag gauge you have nothing to worry about.
The bag gauge
Your laptop or handbag is up to the dimensions 45cm x 36cm x 20cm, including the handle and pockets. Your laptop or handbag must fit under the seat in front of you.
Checked baggage
You are entitled to a free baggage allowance, which will vary depending on airline and class of travel.How large and heavy can my bag be?
The dimensions of the bag should be:90cm x 75cm x 43cm (35.5 x 29.5 x 16 inches), including the handle, pockets and wheels. The weight of the bag should be up to 20kg.
What to do with larger/bulky items: you may take bags up to the dimensions 190cm x 75cm x 65cm (75 x 29.5 x 25.5 inches), including the handle, pockets and wheels.
This allows you to take items such as sporting equipment and musical instruments at no additional cost as part of your free checked baggage allowance.
Any bags carried in addition to your free checked baggage allowance will incur an extra bag charge.These larger bags can take longer to arrive from your flight and are generally delivered to a separate area of the baggage hall.
If you wish to take more bags than your free checked baggage allowance or your bag is heavier than the free weight allowance, you must pay for it.It is possible to pay at the airport, as you check in, but these will be charged at a higher rate. Save yourself time and money by paying for your extra bags online.
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You can take an unlimited number of mobility aids, e.g. wheelchairs, if they are for personal use only. These will be carried free of charge in addition to the applicable checked baggage allowance.
Wheelchairs will be carried irrespective of weight. If your wheelchair weighs over 32kg you should make at least a 24-hour notice to the airport.
If you are in any doubt or require assistance, please contact us for further information and guidance.
Do you prefer to 'travel light' and avoid the need for queuing up at the check-in?Sometimes a service in provided, in conjunction with the partner First Luggage, where your luggage can be collected from your home or office prior to your departure and then delivered to your destination, irrespective of your class of travel.
Banned and restricted items
Governments and local authorities may impose restrictions on what you are allowed to take on board with you and what you pack in the baggage that you check in.Banned, restricted and dangerous goods are articles or substances that are capable of poising a risk to health, safety, property or the environment.
The following list covers all those items that are forbidden to be carried anywhere on flights:
- Disabling devices - mace, pepper spray, etc.
- Explosives - fireworks, flares, etc.
- Security-type attache cases containing dangerous goods - pyrotechnic devices, etc.
- Electro shock weapons - e.g. Tasers - containing dangerous goods such as explosives, compressed gases.
- Lithium batteries, etc.
- Strike anywhere matches
- Flammable gas cylinders
- Flammable liquids - paint, petrol, lighter refills, solvents, varnish, etc.
-Flammable solids / Substances liable to spontaneous combustion/ firelighters.
-Oxidising materials - bleach, peroxides, some fertilisers, etc.
- Corrosives materials - acids, alkalis, wet cell batteries, etc.
-Toxic (poisonous) substances - weed killer, insecticides, etc.
Some restricted items require notification to your airline. The following list covers the items that may be carried on flights with British Airways but require the airline's approval prior to flying and where quantities or regulation of the items are restricted:
-Explosives - ammunition
- Camping stoves and fuel containers
- Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice)
- Heat-producing articles - underwater torches, irons, etc.
- Mercury-filled items - barometers, thermometers, etc.
- Avalanche rescue pack
- Chemical agent monitoring equipment
- Non-flammable gas cylinder - as part of a life-jacket'- Oxygen and other small cylinders for medical use
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-Wheelchairs and Mobility aids - powered with either non-spillable, spillable or Lithium batteries.
Damaged, delayed and lostbaggage
If the airline misplaces or loses your baggage, it will make every effort to return it to you as soon as possible and deliver it to an address of your choice free of charge within 24 hours of its arrival at their final destination. The majority of bags are re-united with their owners within 72 hours.
But the airline does not accept liability for fragile, valuable, perishable articles or baggage which is packed in damaged or unsuitable containers.
Under the Conditions of Carriage we accept no liability for the loss of jewellery, other valuables and money contained in checked baggage. You are advised to keep valuables, important documents and money either on your person or in your hand baggage.
WHAT TO DO:
1. Find in the text English equivalents for the following word combinations and use them in sentences:
условияпровозабагажа (thetitle), поместить ручную кладь в багажную полку, досмотренный/сдаваемый багаж, наложить ограничения/ запрет на что-либо, иметь право на бесплатный провоз багажа, повлечь за собой дополнительные расходы на..., плата, взимаемая по более высокому тарифу, предупредить за сутки, стоять в очереди на регистрацию, забрать багаж, аэрозольные приборы временного поражения, плоские чемоданчики для обеспечения безопасности, содержащие опасные вещества, воспламеняющаясяжидкость, воспламеняющиеся твердые вещества,легковоспламеняющиеся вещества, набор для помощи при обвалах, лавинах, потерять или перепутать место прибытия багажа, возвратиться к кому-либо, брать ответственность за что-либо, держать самое ценное при себе.
2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
То be up to dimensions, tоfit the bag gauge, at no additional cost, a baggage hall, overweight baggage, mobility aids, irrespective of sth, dangerous articles and substances, corrosives materials,explosives, taser, fertilizer, weed killers, insecticides, mercury-filled items, avalanche rescue pack, chemical agent monitoring equipment, non-spillable.
3. Answer the following questions:
1. Do you usually travel light?
2. Have you ever exceeded personal checked baggage allowance?
4. How is excess weight charged?
5. What is a baggege claim area like?
6. Have you ever reported missing luggage?
Text 6.JET LAG
Everywhere around the world, business people blame bad days on jetlag. Every day, athletes around the world blame poor performances on jetlag.
Jetlag affects us physically, mentally, and emotionally. A physical example is swollen feet. A mental example is disorientation. An emotional one is anxiety.
Swollen feet are caused by the low air pressure on board and lack of circulation from sitting for long periods without moving. To remedy this, wear travel shoes a half size too large (use cushions inserts on the ground).
Abstaining from alcoholic beverages, while on board (and drinking lots of water instead) is both a physical and a mental remedy--it helps to offset dehydration, and it promotes mental clarity.
These are jetlag symptoms:constipation, impatience, clammy sweat, insomnia insecurity, diarrhea, irregular heartbeat, disorientation, lightheadedness, dry cough, loss of libido, dry eyes, low blood sugar, dry skin, memory loss, earache, nausea, fatigue reactions to drugs, headache, sore throat, hemorrhoids susceptibility toillness, impaired coordination, impaired vision and swollen feet.
What causes jetlag?
How are we to alleviate the symptoms of jetlag so that they do not interfere with our mental acuity and physical vitality?
Jetlag is caused by a complex combination of circumstances.
First, there are the environmental deviations of traveling--shifts in time, alterations in magnetic fields, modifications in climate, and diversities in cultures.
As if this weren't enough, we are forced into a sickening environment while flying in commercial jets, where we are deprived of air and humidity and exposed to recalculated germs and chemicals, radiation, pesticides, noise, and dehydration.
No Quick Fix
There is no quick fix to alleviate all the symptoms of jetlag. There is no single pill or remedy for all these symptoms because of all the different things that cause jetlag.
We can cope, however, with a little consciousness in our daily life.
First of all, spend some time outside during daylight hours. Even being in a room with windows helps to enlighten our body clocks. Natural light automatically cues our cells to the new local cosmology.
If you can do only one thing, adjust your bedtime to the new, local timetable as soon as possible. Along with the adoption of the local bedtime, try doing what the locals do: their food preferences, meal times, recreational activities, and even the way they dress.
It also helps to schedule work and other important activities at times when you are likely to have maximum energy:
...in the evenings, after flying east,
...in the mornings, after flying west.
Strategies
1. Spend some time every day outdoors.
2. Set your watch to local time.
3. Sleep and eat on local time.
4. Schedule work for maximum energy according to your home time.
Set your watch, focus your mind
All our internal cycles (temperature, sleep, cravings for sweets, reactions to medications, and more) are programmable, like computers.
You can program yours to bounce back from jetlag with adaptability and resilience.
Start by focusing your thoughts and feelings on your desired goals--determine to enjoy well-being as you skirt the globe.
And be sure to set our watch to your destination local time as soon as possible after
takeoff.
“Jetlag is not psychological; it is cycle logical.”
Fatigue and disorientation
Being tired and slightly disoriented for days after arriving, accompanied by a lack of concentration and motivation, especially for any activity that requires effort or skill, such as driving, reading or discussing a business deal. But even simple daily activities can become harder, and one's capacity to truly enjoy a tourist holiday is significantly reduced.
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Broken sleep
Crossing time zones can cause you to wake during the night or have difficulty getting to sleep and then want to fall asleep during the day. Your inbuilt circadian rhythms have been disturbed, and it can take many days for the body to readjust to the new time zone. (NASA estimates you need one day for every one-hour time zone crossed to regain normal rhythm and energy levels. So a 5-hour time difference means you will require five days to get back to normal! Can you afford that?)
Confusion, fuzziness
Having to return to check two or three times to see if a hotel room was left locked or unlocked is typical of the effects reported by flight crews experiencing jet lag. Again, not good if you're on a business trip.
Becoming uptight
"Losing it" is another symptom reported by aircrew, which helps explain why long haul flights get very tedious near the end, and why going through customs and immigration and getting to the hotel often seems like a real drama.
In addition to the above symptoms of jet lag, the syndrome is made worse by some common physical problems caused by being confined in an airliner for hours:
Dehydration
The dry atmosphere aboard aircraft can cause headaches, dry skin and nasal irritation, and make you more susceptible to any colds, coughs, sore throats and flu that are floating round in the aircraft.
Discomfort of legs and feet
Limbs swelling while flying can be extremely uncomfortable, and in some cases may prevent travelers wearing their normal shoes for up to 24 hours after arrival.
General health
A report from the World Health Organization directly links jet lag with problems of diarrhea caused by microbiological contamination of water or food, which it says affects about 50% of long haul travelers. "Factors such as travel fatigue, jet lag, a change in diet, a different climate and a low level of immunity may aggravate the problem by reducing a traveler's resistance and making them more susceptible to this type of infection or poisoning," the report says.
What causes jetlag?
How are we to alleviate the symptoms of jetlag so that they do not interfere with our mental acuity and physical vitality?
Jetlag is caused by a complex combination of circumstances.
First, there are the environmental deviations of traveling--shifts in time, alterations in magnetic fields, modifications in climate, and diversities in cultures.
As if this weren't enough, we are forced into a sickening environment while flying in commercial jets, where we are deprived of air and humidity and exposed to recalculated germs and chemicals, radiation, pesticides, noise, and dehydration.
Crossing time zones
The main but not the only cause of jet lag is crossing time zones. Usually going east is worse than going west. Children under three don't seem to suffer jet lag badly as they are more adaptive and less set in their ways. Adults who adjust readily to changes of routine also seem less susceptible to jet lag. Those who are slaves to a fixed daily routine are often the worst sufferers.
Your pre-flight condition
If you're over-tired, excited, stressed, nervous, or hangover before the flight you are setting yourself up for a good dose of jet lag. How many times have you heard travelers say "Don't worry, I'll catch up on the flight"? Well you don't. The wise traveler who wants to get the most out of a trip has a good night's sleep prior to departure.
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Dry atmosphere
The air aboard passenger jet aircraft is dry. To people who normally live in more humid conditions the change can be striking. The dryness can cause headaches, dry skin and dry nasal and throat membranes, creating the conditions for catching colds, coughs, sore throats or the flu. Drinking plenty of water helps, and some frequent flyers take a bottle of water with them. Some airlines supply water frequently to passengers, but others only have a small water fountain near the toilets. Coffee, tea, alcoholic drinks and fruit juices are not recommended. Water is what your body wants.
Cabin pressure
At a cruising altitude of near 30,000' the aircraft is pressurized to near 8,000'. Unless you live near 8,000' and are acclimatized to this pressure you may suffer from swelling, tiredness and lethargy.
Stale air
Providing a constant supply of fresh air in the cabin costs the airlines money and some airlines are more willing to oblige than others. The air supply in business and first-class is often better than in economy class. A lack of good air helps make you tired and irritable and can cause headaches. Sometimes if you ask the flight attendants to turn up the fresh air they will do so.
Alcohol
The impact of alcohol on the body is 2-3 times more potent when you're flying. One glass of wine in-flight has the effect of 2-3 glasses on the ground. Add this to the other problems mentioned here, and you can get off the plane with a huge hangover that simply compounds the effects of jet lag.
Food and drink
Airline coffee and tea not only tend to taste awful - they have a higher than usual
caffeine content and are abrasive on the stomach. Orange juice is also abrasive if you are not used to it. If you don't normally drink really strong coffee, tea or orange juice, don't try it while flying. Also go easy on the frequent meals served in-flight. You don't need them. And sitting in a cramped position puts extra pressure on your stomach. Also beware risky foods served on some airlines in certain parts of the world, including salads and cold meat and fish. According to WHO, 50% of international travelers get stomach problems, so dietary care is important while flying.
Lack of exercise
Lack of exercise is one of the worst aspects of long haul flying. It makes the flight
uncomfortable and sets you up for a longer period of jet lag afterwards. Do stretching exercises in your seat, especially for the legs, and if possible go for walks up and down the aisle. If you have a spare seat next to you, try to get your feet up. Get off the plane whenever possible at stopovers and do some exercises (don't worry what others think). If there is an opportunity during a ground stop, take a shower - it freshens you, tones the muscles and gets the blood moving again.
WHAT TO DO:
1. Answer the following questions:
1. Are you a nervous flyer?
2. Have you ever travelled through different time zones?
3. What is your understanding of jet lag?
4. Have you ever felt jet lagged?
5. What are the main causes of jet lag?
6. What can be done to beat jet lag?
