2015-04-20
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1. Нести динамическую и статическую нагрузку.
2. Поддерживать крышу.
3. Поднимать элементы конструкции при помощи гидравлических домкратов.
4. Распределение веса на значительной площади.
5. Относительно низкое давление на грунт.
6. Сваи, погруженные глубоко в грунт.
VIII. A) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
| ground, foundations, skyscrapers, support, steel frames, hung, occurs, strong vibration, level of the tunnels, underlying |
A study of some of New York's______________would convince you that in modern buildings the walls no longer act as ______________. To overcome ______________ from subway trains passing near the ______________, the ___________ are taken down below the______________and anchored in the solid rock____________ Manhattan. The walls are______________on the frame, but they do not touch the______________where the vibration______________. The Waldport Astoria Hotel is a good example of it.
B) Put the word given in brackets into the necessary word form.
The Pirelli skyscraper in Milan is of most modern concrete design. A tall shaft, 32 storage (height) is cigar (shape). Four mass columns (extension) across the structure and present the (solve) to the difficult wind (resist) problems. Special account was taken of the severe (torsion) strains to which such a delicately proportioned building is subject. In order to check the (calculate) a 1/15th scale model was tested. And now the finished structure stands, giving (express) to the words of a (fame) French architect who spoke of the (accumulate) of very beautiful things in which economic law reigns (supremacy) and (exact) is joined to (imagine). That is beauty.
IX. Read the texts again and think of the main problems of these constructions and the engineering solutions to these problems.
X. Study some properties of steel and concrete.
| steel concrete | has the property of | high tensile strength high compressive strength |
| this means | it can resist | high tensile forces high compressive forces |
