Grammar

Theor. Gramm. Connected with practical grammar, history of the language and also stylistic. All this levels are interconnected. Practical grammar studies different rules of grammatical changes, oder of words, grammatical usage, speak the language.

Theoretical grammar is known to have an abstract and generalizes facts.

Connection with phonetics.

Sometimes purely phonetical phenomena can acquire grammatical meaning. Man – men

Connection with lexicology. Vise versa. Grammatical phenomena may acquire semantical difference. Colors, conving to Buckingham palace we saw colors over the room.

Connection with the History of the language.

The tense system of the word. Only tenses: Present, Past, Future. In old English – only two tenses. In old English people used collocations of modal verbs.

Grammar and word building

1) word – building is a method of lexicology

2) word – building is a partly a matter of grammar

3) word – building should be in between in a special sphere. Lexicology and grammar.

We have a certain suffixes belong to this or that part of speech. Example: independence, Freedom, Kingdome, friendship

Some suffixes are embiquize ()двусмысленны) and some are unambiquize less(adject), ity(nouns), ize(verbs)

The Sentence. Classification of the sentences.

Bloomfield: a sentence is an independent linguistic form not included by virtue of any grammatical construction into any larger form.

Robert Lees: a sentence is a stream or a sequence of linguistic forms or of one linguistic forms which has a different grammatical structure, a definite intonation contrea and is able to convey complete communication.

Blokh: a sentence is the immediate integral unite of speech build up of words according to a definite syntactic form and distinguished by a contextually relevant communicative purpose.

The most important property to a sentence: - Predication

- Modality

- Certain structure

- Intonation