Language focus

III. Match the meanings of these terms with their definition:

beam, truss, arch, suspension, cantilever

1. A support on which something is suspended.

2. A large projecting bracket or beam that is supported at one end only.

3. A large long piece of timber ready for use in building or any of the main horizontal supports of a building.

4. A framework of beams or other supports usually connected in a series of triangles and used to form a support for a bridge.

5. A curved structure capable of bearing the weight of the material above it.

IV. Match the words with their synonyms:

1. common 5. exert a) base e) hard

2. carry 6. curved b) strain f) rope

3. foundation 7. cable c) bent g) bear

4. rigid d) usual

V. Fill in the correct prepositions:

1) the location …sth 2) the bottom …sth 3) … the same time

4) to depend … sth 5) a small amount …sth

6) to exert … sth 7) to be transferred …sth 4) to rest …sth

VI. Read the sentences and translate the words in brackets:

1. Engineers (проектируют) bridges of great length and strength to cross the widest rivers.

2. Arches often (образуют) the tops of doors, windows and gateways.

3. The Romans used the semicircular (арки) in bridges, aqueducts and large-scale architecture.

4. Large (балки) carrying the ends of other beams perpendicular to them are usually called girders.

5. For weight reduction beams of metal are formed as an I or other shape having a thin vertical web and thicker horizontal flanges where most of the (нагрузка) appears.

VII. Make the precis of the text

Text 2. TYPES OF BRIDGES