2015-07-21
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VIII. Match the meanings of these terms with their definition:
| 1. trench | a. division of a road for a stream of traffic |
| 2. soggy | b. thin semi-liquid cement, mud, manure, etc. |
| 3. beneath | c. long narrow deep ditch |
| 4. bedrock | d. machine digging and moving earth and soil |
| 5. lane | e. below, under, underneath |
| 6. excavator | f. to force liquid or gas into or out of something |
| 7. pump | g. solid rock underlying alluvial deposits |
| 8. slurry | h. sodden, saturated; too moist |
IX. Complete the text using the words below:
a) mountain c) line e) starts g) train
b) ends d) length f) rail h) construction
Apennine Tunnel, AP uh nyn, is a 1… tunnel on the Florence-Bologna railroad 2… in north-central Italy. The tunnel runs through the 3… range called the Apennines. Its 11.5-mile (18.5-kilometer) 4… makes it one of the longest train tunnels in the world. The Apennine Tunnel was built between 1920 and 1934. To speed 5…, the tunnel was bored from both 6…, and at the same time two shafts were dropped in to enable workers to dig out from the center.
X. Put correct forms into the gaps in the text:
| Simplon Pass and Tunnel, SIMM plahn, are 1… gateways through the 2… Alps. Napoleon built a military road over the pass in the early 1800's. The road begins at Brig in the Rhone Valley. It reaches an 3… of 6,592 feet (2,009 meters), then descends toward the Lake District of 4… Italy. The Simplon Tunnel is one of the 5… railroad tunnels in the world. It is 12.3 miles (19.8 kilometers) long, and has a maximum elevation of 2,312 feet (705 meters). It consists of two 6 … tunnels. One tunnel was 7… in 1906, and the other was completed in 1874, but the work was stopped before it was finished. In 1902, a lawyer 8… William G. McAdoo raised money to complete the tunnel and to build a second one so 9… traffic could run under the river. McAdoo represented the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company. The uptown tunnels were opened to traffic in 1908. McAdoo also 10… money to build the downtown tunnels, which opened in 1909. | importance Switzerland to elevate North long parallels to complete name two ways to raise |
X. Make a précis of the text Central Artery/Tunnel Project (Big Dig)
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