III A trial with a difference – the Black Adder comedy

The judge appeared as a witness in the case (the shooting dead of a pigeon called Speckled Jim which belonged to the witness). There was no jury because it was a court martial. The council for the defence asked the council for the prosecution to testify as a witness. Additionally, that council for the defence was a witness to the crime. Normally the defendants cannot influence the testimony of the witnesses in any way, but in this trail the accused instructed the witness to "deny everything”. Before sentencing the judge put on a black cap to indicate that a death sentence would be passed.

Preparation for the test

I Use of English, part 2 Gold U5

1 offences / offenses

2 inaccuracies

3 vandalism

4 outcome

5 procedures (court proceedings)

6 error (The accident was due to human error.)

7 incidence (incidence of crime = crime rate)

8 indication

9 manageable

10 uncertainty

II Cloze test: Rules, laws and norms (Gold, U 5 p 71)

Function of text: information, an extended definition of related concepts

A Summary of concepts of Rules, laws and norms

Rules: The concept of rules refers to certain standards of behavior or some regulations which form a basis for social or institutional life (in schools, in work places, on public transport); written or unwritten, formal and informal, may vary their function is to regulate behavior, conduct in various settings, e.g. schools, dinner parties, sport, public transport, games.

Laws – The concept of laws refers to more formalized rules which are of special importance in the life of society, the punishment for disrespecting them may be a fine, or imprisonment; written formal statements of what can and what cannot be done; if they are not followed, one runs the risk of being punished, by receiving a penalty or a prison sentence; they are enforced by special social organizations which are the police and courts.

Norms – The concept of norms refers to social standards which any mature member of a community or society will know and follow so that life is harmonious, peaceful, without conflicts; will refer mainly to social life and rules of behaviour in society, they tell what is acceptable behavior and what is not; manners, etiquette will often be associated with norms.

1 can/may

2 by / in

3 written

4 as

5 best/clearest

6 to

7 found

8 breaking/infringing/violating

9 such

10 like

11 more

12 members