Ventilation system requirements

Sanitation and hygiene regulations applied to ventilation systems are:

- air conditioning (air temperature, air humidity and air circulation);

- removing airborne contaminants (gases, vapors, dusts, aerosols) or reducing their concentration to acceptable limits;

- preventing drafts or fast overcooling;

- maintainability during operation;

- low noise and vibration.

Heating systems

Heating system is a complex of components necessary to heat areas in cold year period. It consists from heat source, heat supply, heating installation. Heat-transfer can use water, vapor or air.

Heating systems are local and central.

Local systems are arranged by means of burner or air heating, and also heating by gas and electric installations. Local heating systems are installed in dwellings, amenity rooms, in work areas of small-scale enterprises.

Central heating systems can be performed as water, steam, panel, air and combined heating.

Since water heating system satisfies sanitation and hygiene requirements it’s widely used in dwelling and occupational areas. Its main advantages are equal heating the area, central controlling water temperature; not emitting smoke or dust; maintaining air humidity; fire safe. However it also has disadvantages: risk of water freezing in cold year period during its emergency stopping; slow heating large areas after its being long time off.

Steam heating is used when steam is a part of technology in enterprise. It has such disadvantages as fire danger, possible burns, smoke. Steam heating can’t be used in fire risk areas and those with great quantity of dust.

Panel heating is applied in administrative buildings and dwellings. Equal heating, stable air temperature and humidity, small size owing to not using of heating devices are its advantages. Disadvantages are high price of installation and poor maintainability.

There are central and local air heating systems. Rapid thermal effect and small price make their advantage.

Heating is very effective as combined, especially, combination of central air heating with low-pressure water heating together with general ventilation.

Illumination of work areas