КОНСТАНТЫ РАСТВОРИМОСТИ (ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯ РАСТВОРИМОСТИ)
НЕКОТОРЫХ малоОРАСТВОРИМЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ
Соединение | KS (ПР) | pKS | Соединение | KS (ПР) | pKS |
Ag3AsO3 | 1.0·10-17 | 17.00 | Ca3(AsO4)2 | 6.8·10-19 | 18.17 |
Ag3AsO3 | 1.0·10-22 | 22.00 | CaC4H4O6 (тартрат) | 7.7·10-7 | 6.11 |
AgBO2 | 4.0·10-3 | 2.40 | CaCO3 | 3.8·10-9 | 8.42 |
AgBr | 5.3·10-13 | 12.28 | CaC2O4 | 2.3·10-9 | 8.64 |
AgBrO3 | 5.5·10-5 | 4.26 | CaCrO4 | 7.1·10-4 | 3.15 |
AgCN | 1.4·10-16 | 15.84 | CaF2 | 4.0·10-11 | 10.40 |
Ag2CO3 | 1.2·10-12 | 11.09 | CaHPO4 | 2.7·10-7 | 6.57 |
Ag2C2O4 | 3.5·10-11 | 10.46 | Ca(H2PO4)2 | 1.0·10-3 | 3.00 |
AgCl | 1.8·10-10 | 9.75 | Ca(IO3)2 | 7.0·10-7 | 6.15 |
Ag2CrO4 | 1.1·10-12 | 11.95 | Ca(OH)2 | 5.5·10-6 | 5.26 |
Ag2Cr2O7 | 1.0·10-10 | 10.00 | Ca3(PO4)2 | 2.0·10-29 | 28.70 |
Ag3[Fe(CN)6] | 1.0·10-22 | 22.00 | CaSO3 | 3.2·10-7 | 6.49 |
Ag4[Fe(CN)6] | 8.5·10-45 | 44.07 | CaSO4 | 2.5·10-5 | 4.60 |
AgI | 8.3·10-17 | 16.08 | Cd3(AsO4)2 | 2.2·10-33 | 32.66 |
AgIO3 | 3.0·10-8 | 7.52 | Cd(BO2)2 | 2.3·10-9 | 8.64 |
AgNO2 | 6.0·10-4 | 3.22 | CdCO3 | 1.0·10-12 | 12.00 |
Ag2O (Ag+, OH-) | 1.6·10-8 | 7.80 | CdC2O4 | 1.5·10-8 | 7.82 |
AgOCN | 2.3·10-7 | 6.64 | Cd(OH)2 | 2.2·10-14 | 13.66 |
Ag3PO4 | 1.3·10-20 | 19.89 | CdS | 1.6·10-28 | 27.80 |
AgSCN | 1.1·10-12 | 11.97 | Co3(AsO4)2 | 7.6·10-29 | 28.12 |
Ag2S | 2.0·10-50 | 49.70 | Co(BO2)2 | 3.2·10-9 | 8.49 |
Ag2SO3 | 1.5·10-14 | 13.82 | CoCO3 | 1.1·10-10 | 9.98 |
Ag2SO4 | 1.6·10-5 | 4.80 | CoC2O4 | 6.3·10-8 | 7.20 |
AlAsO4 | 1.6·10--16 | 15.80 | Co2[Fe(CN)6] | 4.8·10-38 | 37.32 |
Al(OH)3 | 1.0·10-32 | 32.00 | Co[Hg(CN)4] | 1.5·10-6 | 5.82 |
AlPO4 | 5.8·10-19 | 18.24 | Co(OH)2 | 1.6·10-15 | 14.80 |
Ba3(AsO4)2 | 7.8·10-51 | 50.11 | Co(OH)3 | 4.0·10-45 | 44.40 |
Ba(BrO3)2 | 5.5·10-6 | 5.26 | CoS (a) | 4.0·10-21 | 20.40 |
BaCO3 | 4.0·10-10 | 9.40 | CoS (b) | 2.0·10-25 | 24.70 |
BaC2O4 | 1.1·10-7 | 6.96 | CrAsO4 | 7.8·10-21 | 20.11 |
BaCrO4 | 1.2·10-10 | 9,93 | Cr(OH)3 | 6.3·10-31 | 30.20 |
BaF2 | 1,1·10-6 | 5,98 | CrPO4 (фиол.) | 1.0·10-17 | 17.00 |
Ba2[Fe(CN)6] | 3.0·10-8 | 7,50 | CrPO4 (зелен.) | 2.4·10-23 | 22.62 |
Ba(IO3)2 | 1,5·10-9 | 8,82 | Cu3(AsO4)2 | 7.6·10-36 | 35.12 |
BaMnO4 | 2,5·10-10 | 9,60 | CuBr | 5.25·10-9 | 8.28 |
Ba(OH)2 | 5,0·10-3 | 2,30 | CuCN | 3.2·10-20 | 19.49 |
Ba3(PO4)2 | 6.0·10-39 | 38,22 | CuCO3 | 2.5·10-10 | 9.60 |
Ba2P2O7 | 3.0·10-11 | 10.50 | CuC2O4 | 3.0·10-8 | 7.50 |
BaSO3 | 8.0·10-7 | 6.10 | CuCl | 1.2·10-6 | 5.92 |
BaSO4 | 1.1·10-10 | 9.97 | CuCrO4 | 3.6·10-6 | 5.44 |
BaS2O3 | 1.6·10-5 | 4.79 | Cu2[Fe(CN)6] | 1.3·10-16 | 15.89 |
BiAsO4 | 2.8·10-10 | 9.36 | CuI | 1.1·10-12 | 11.96 |
Bi2(C2O4)3 | 4.0·10-36 | 35.40 | Cu(IO3)2 | 7.4·10-8 | 7.13 |
BiI3 | 8.1·10-19 | 18.09 | Cu(OH)2 | 2.2·10-20 | 19.66 |
BiOCl (BiO+,Cl-) | 7.0·10-9 | 8.85 | Cu2P2O7 | 8.3·10-16 | 15.08 |
BiOOH (BiO+,OH-) | 4.0·10-10 | 9.40 | Cu2S | 2.5·10-48 | 47.60 |
BiPO4 | 1.3·10-23 | 22.90 | CuS | 6.3·10-36 | 35.20 |
Bi2S3 | 1.0·10-97 | 97.00 | CuSCN | 4.8·10-15 | 14.32 |
(продолжение)
Соединение | KS (ПР) | pKS | Соединение | KS (ПР) | pKS |
FeAsO4 | 5.8·10-21 | 20.24 | Ni(IO3)2 | 1.4·10-8 | 7.85 |
FeCO3 | 3.5·10-11 | 10.46 | Ni(OH)2 | 2.0·10-15 | 14.70 |
FeC2O4 | 2.0·10-7 | 6.70 | Ni2P2O7 | 1.7·10-13 | 12.77 |
Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 | 3.0·10-41 | 40.52 | NiS (a) | 3.2·10-19 | 18.50 |
Fe(OH)2 | 8.0·10-16 | 15.10 | NiS (b) | 1.0·10-24 | 24.00 |
Fe(OH)3 | 6.3·10-38 | 37.20 | NiS (g) | 2.0·10-26 | 25.70 |
FePO4 | 1.3·10-22 | 21.89 | Pb3(AsO4)3 | 4.1·10-36 | 35.39 |
FeS | 5.0·10-18 | 17.30 | Pb(BO2)2 | 1.7·10-11 | 10.78 |
Hg2Br2 | 5.8·10-23 | 22.24 | PbBr2 | 9.1·10-6 | 5.04 |
Hg2CO3 | 8.9·10-17 | 16.05 | PbCO3 | 7.5·10-14 | 13.13 |
Hg2C2O4 | 1.0·10-13 | 13.00 | PbC2O4 | 4.8·10-10 | 9.32 |
Hg2Cl2 | 1.3·10-18 | 17.88 | PbCl2 | 1.6·10-5 | 4.79 |
Hg2CrO4 | 5.0·10-9 | 8.30 | PbClF | 2.8·10-9 | 8.55 |
Hg2I2 | 4.5·10-29 | 28.35 | PbCrO4 | 1.8·10-14 | 13.75 |
Hg2(IO3)2 | 2.45·10-14 | 13.71 | PbF2 | 2.7·10-8 | 7.57 |
Hg2(OH)2 | 1.6·10-23 | 22.80 | Pb2[Fe(CN)6] | 9.55·10-19 | 18.02 |
Hg(OH)2 | 3.0·10-26 | 25.52 | PbI2 | 1.1·10-9 | 8.98 |
HgS | 1.6·10-52 | 51.80 | Pb(IO3)2 | 2.6·10-13 | 12.58 |
Hg2S | 1.0·10--47 | 47.00 | Pb(OH)4 | 3.0·10-66 | 65.50 |
Hg2(SCN)2 | 3.0·10--20 | 19.52 | Pb(OH)2 | 5.0·10-16 | 15.30 |
Hg2SO3 | 1.0·10--27 | 27.00 | Pb3(PO4)2 | 7.9·10-43 | 42.10 |
Hg2SO4 | 6.8·10-7 | 6.17 | PbS | 2.5·10-27 | 26.60 |
KClO4 | 1.1·10-2 | 1.97 | PbSO4 | 1.6·10-8 | 7.80 |
K3[Co(NO2)6] | 4.3·10-10 | 9.37 | Sb(OH)3 | 4.0·10-42 | 41.40 |
K2Na[Co(NO2)6] | 2.2·10-11 | 10.66 | Sn(OH)2 | 6.3·10-27 | 26.20 |
KHC4H4O6 | 3.0·10-4 | 3.50 | Sn(OH)4 | 1.0·10-57 | 57.00 |
K2[PtCl6] | 1.1·10-5 | 4.96 | SnS | 2.5·10--27 | 26.60 |
K2SiF6 | 8.7·10-7 | 6.06 | Sr3(AsO4)2 | 1.3·10-18 | 17.10 |
Mg3(AsO4)2 | 2.1·10-20 | 19.68 | SrCO3 | 1.1·10-10 | 9.96 |
MgCO3 | 2.1·10-5 | 4.67 | SrC2O4 | 1.6·10-7 | 6.80 |
MgC2O4 | 8.5·10-5 | 4.07 | SrCrO4 | 3,6·10-5 | 4,44 |
MgF2 | 6.5·10-9 | 8.19 | SrF2 | 2.5·10-9 | 8.61 |
MgNH4PO4 | 2.5·10-13 | 12.60 | Sr(IO3)2 | 3.3·10-7 | 6.48 |
Mg(OH)2 | 6.0·10-10 | 9.22 | Sr(OH)2 | 3.2·10--4 | 3.50 |
Mg3(PO4)2 | 1.0·10-12 | 12.00 | Sr3(PO4)2 | 1.0·10-31 | 31.00 |
Mn3(AsO4)2 | 1.9·10-29 | 28.72 | SrSO3 | 4.0·10-8 | 7.40 |
MnCO3 | 1.8·10-11 | 10.74 | SrSO4 | 3.2·10-7 | 6.49 |
MnC2O4 | 5.0·10-6 | 5.30 | Zn3(AsO4)2 | 1.3·10-27 | 26.89 |
Mn(OH)2 | 1.9·10-13 | 12.72 | ZnCO3 | 1.45·10-11 | 10.84 |
MnS | 2.5·10-10 | 9.60 | ZnC2O4 | 2.75·10-8 | 7.56 |
Ni3(AsO4)2 | 3.1·10-26 | 25.51 | Zn[Hg(SCN)4] | 2.2·10-7 | 6.66 |
Ni(BO2)2 | 2.0·10-9 | 8.70 | Zn(IO3)2 | 2.0·10-8 | 7.70 |
Ni(C4H7O2N2)2 (диметилглиоксимат) | 2,3·10-25 | 24,64 | Zn(OH)2 | 1.2·10-17 | 16.92 |
NiCO3 | 1.3·10-7 | 6.87 | Zn3(PO4)2 | 9.1·10-33 | 32.04 |
NiC2O4 | 4.0·10-10 | 9.40 | ZnS (a) | 1.6·10-24 | 23.80 |
Ni2[Fe(CN)6] | 1.3·10-15 | 14.89 | ZnS (b) | 2.5·10-22 | 21.60 |
ЛОГАРИФМЫ КОНСТАНТ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ КОМПЛЕКСНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ
Центральный ион | Лиганд | lgK1 | lgK1-2 | lgK1-3 | lgK1-4 | lgK1-5 | lgK1-6 |
Al3+ | F- | 7.10 | 11.98 | 15.83 | 18.53 | 20.20 | 20.67 |
OH- | 9.0 | ? | 27,0 | 33,0 | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА)- | 16.5 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Ag+ | NH3 | 3.32 | 7.23 | - | - | - | - |
Br- | 4.38 | 7.34 | 8.00 | 8.73 | 8.44 | - | |
I- | 6.58 | 11.74 | 13.68 | 13.10 | - | - | |
SCN- | 4.75 | 8.23 | 9.45 | 9.67 | - | - | |
S2O32- | 8.82 | 13.46 | 14.15 | - | - | - | |
Cl- | 3.04 | 5.04 | 5.04 | 5.30 | - | - | |
CN- | ? | 19.85 | 20.55 | 19.42 | - | - | |
8-Ox | 5.20 | 9.56 | - | - | - | - | |
Py (C5H5N) | 2,05 | 4,10 | - | - | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 7.31 | 11.31 | - | - | - | ||
Ba2+ | Y4-(ЭДТА) | 7.78 | - | - | - | - | - |
Bi3+ | Br- | 2.26 | 4.45 | 6.33 | 7.84 | 9.42 | 9.52 |
OH- | 12.4 | 15.8 | ? | 35.2 | - | - | |
Cl- | 2.43 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.42 | |
I- | 2.89 | ? | ? | 14.95 | 16.80 | 19.1 | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 27.4 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Ca2+ | C2O42- | 1.66 | 2.69 | - | - | - | - |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 10.59 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Cd2+ | NH3 | 2.51 | 4.47 | 5.77 | 6.56 | 6.26 | 4.56 |
OH- | 6.08 | 8.70 | 8.38 | 8.42 | - | - | |
I- | 2.17 | 3.67 | 4.34 | 5.35 | 5.15 | - | |
SCN- | 1.74 | 2.40 | 2.30 | 2.91 | - | - | |
Cl- | 2.05 | 2.60 | 2.4 | 1.7 | - | - | |
CN- | 5.18 | 9.60 | 13.92 | 17.11 | - | - | |
8-Ox | 7.2 | 13.4 | - | - | - | - | |
Py (C5H5N) | 1.27 | 2.14 | 2.3 | 2.50 | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 16.46 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Co2+ | NH3 | 1.99 | 3.50 | 4.43 | 5.07 | 5.13 | 4.39 |
SCN- | 1.72 | 1.6 | 1.8 | -0.3 | - | - | |
CN- | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 19.09 | |
8-Ox | 9.1 | 17.2 | - | - | - | - | |
Y4--(ЭДТА) | 16.39 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Co3+ | NH3 | 7.3 | 14.0 | 20.1 | 25.7 | 30.8 | 35.21 |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 40.6 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Cr3+ | OH- | 10.1 | 17.8 | ? | 29.9 | ||
SCN- | 3.1 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 3.8 | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 23.40 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Cu+ | NH3 | 5.93 | 10.86 | - | - | - | - |
Br- | ? | 5.92 | - | - | - | - | |
I- | ? | 8.85 | - | - | - | - | |
SCN- | ? | ? | 9.90 | 10.05 | 9.59 | 9.27 | |
Cl- | ? | 5.35 | 5.63 | - | - | - | |
CN- | ? | 24.0 | 28.6 | 30.3 | - | - | |
Py (C5H5N) | 3.9 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 8.7 | - | - |
(продолжение)
Центральный ион | Лиганд | lgK1 | lgK1-2 | lgK1-3 | lgK1-4 | lgK1-5 | lgK1-6 |
Cu2+ | NH3 | 3.9 | 7.33 | 10.06 | 12.03 | 11.43 | 8.9 |
OH- | 6.0 | 13.18 | 14.42 | 14.56 | - | - | |
SCN- | 2.30 | 3.65 | 5.19 | 6.52 | - | - | |
8-Ox | 12.2 | 23.4 | - | - | - | - | |
Py (C5H5N) | 2.50 | 4.30 | 5.16 | 6.04 | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 18.80 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Fe2+ | NH3 | 1.4 | 2.2 | ? | 3.7 | - | - |
CN- | ? | ? | ? | ? | 18.6 | 36.9 | |
8-Ox | 8.0 | 15.0 | - | - | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 14.20 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Fe3+ | F- | 6.04 | 10.74 | 13.74 | 15.74 | 16.10 | 16.10 |
SCN- | 3.03 | 4.33 | 4.63 | 4.53 | 4.23 | 3.23 | |
CN- | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 43.9 | |
8-Ox | 12.3 | 23.6 | 33.9 | - | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 24.23 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Hg2+ | NH3 | 8.8 | 17.5 | 18.5 | 19.3 | - | - |
Br- | 9.05 | 17.33 | 19.74 | 21.00 | - | - | |
I- | 12.87 | 23.82 | 27.60 | 29.83 | - | - | |
SCN- | ? | 17.60 | 20.40 | 21.20 | - | - | |
Cl- | 6.74 | 13.22 | 14.17 | 15.22 | - | - | |
CN- | 17.00 | 32.75 | 36.31 | 38.97 | 39.83 | 40.62 | |
Py (C5H5N) | 5.1 | 10.0 | 10.4 | - | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 21.8 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Mg2+ | 8-Ox | 4.74 | - | - | - | - | - |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 9.12 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Mn2+ | 8-Ox | 6.8 | 12.6 | - | - | - | - |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 14.04 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Ni2+ | NH3 | 2.67 | 4.79 | 6.40 | 7.47 | 8.10 | 8.01 |
CN- | ? | ? | 22.2 | 31.0 | 30.3 | - | |
8-Ox | 9.9 | 18.7 | - | - | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 18.62 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Pb2+ | Y4-(ЭДТА) | 18.04 | - | - | - | - | - |
Sn2+ | Y4-(ЭДТА) | 18.3 | - | - | - | - | - |
Sr2+ | Y4-(ЭДТА) | 8.80 | - | - | - | - | - |
Zn2+ | NH3 | 2.18 | 4.43 | 6.74 | 8.7 | - | - |
OH- | 6.31 | 11.19 | 14.31 | 17.70 | - | - | |
SCN- | 1.57 | 1.56 | 1.51 | 3.02 | - | - | |
CN- | ? | 11.07 | 16.05 | 19.62 | - | - | |
8-Ox | 8.50 | 16.72 | - | - | - | - | |
Py (C5H5N) | 1.41 | 1.11 | 1.61 | 1.93 | - | - | |
Y4-(ЭДТА) | 16.26 | - | - | - | - | - |
СТАНДАРТНЫЕ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНО-ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЫ
Окисленная форма | Восстановленная форма | Окислительно-восстановительная полуреакция | E0, В |
Ag+ | Ag¯ | Ag+ +e- ® Ag¯0 | +0.799 |
AgBr¯ | Ag¯ | AgBr¯ + e- ® Ag¯ + Br- | +0.071 |
AgCN¯ | Ag¯ | AgCN¯ + e- ® Ag¯ + CN- | -0.040 |
[Ag(CN)2]- | Ag¯ | [Ag(CN)2]- e- ® Ag¯ + 2CN- | -0.290 |
AgCl¯ | Ag¯ | AgCl¯ + e- ® Ag¯ + Cl- | +0.222 |
AgI¯ | Ag¯ | AgI¯ + e- ® Ag¯ + I- | -0.152 |
[Ag(NH3)2]+ | Ag¯ | [Ag(NH3)2]+ + e- ® Ag¯ + 2NH3 | +0.373 |
Ag2S¯ | Ag¯ | Ag2S¯ + 2e- ® 2Ag¯ + S2- | -0.710 |
AgSCN¯ | Ag¯ | AgSCN¯ + e- ® Ag¯ + SCN- | +0.090 |
Al3+ | Al¯ | Al3+ + 3e- ® Al ¯0 | -1.66 |
Al(OH)3¯ | Al¯ | Al(OH)3 + 3e- ® Al¯ + 3OH- | -2.29 |
H3AsO4 | HAsO2 (H3AsO3) | H3AsO4 + 2H+ + 2e- ® HAsO2 + 2H2O | +0.560 |
AsO43- | AsO2- (AsO33-) | AsO43- + 2H2O + 2e- ® AsO2- 4OH- | -0.710 |
BiO+ (Bi3+) | Bi¯ | BiO+ + 2H+ + 3e- ® Bi¯ + 2H2O | +0.320 |
NaBiO3¯ | BiO+ (Bi3+) | NaBiO3¯ + 4H+ + 2e-® BiO+ + Na+ + 2H2O | >+1.8 |
Br2 | Br- | Br2 + 2e- ® 2Br- | +1.087 |
HBrO | Br2 | 2HBrO + 2H+ + 2e- ® Br2 + 2H2O | +1.60 |
HBrO | Br- | HBrO + H+ + 2e- ® Br- + H2O | +1.34 |
BrO3- | Br2 | 2BrO3- + 12H+ + 10e- ® Br2 + 6H2O | +1.52 |
BrO3- | Br- | BrO3- + 6H+ + 6e- ® Br- + 3H2O | +1.45 |
CO2 | H2C2O4 | 2CO2 + 2H+ + 2e- ® H2C2O4 | -0.490 |
C6H4O2 (хинон) | C6H4(OH)2 (гидрохинон) | C6H4O2 + 2H+ + 2e- ® C6H4(OH)2 | +0.699 |
Cd2+ | Cd¯ | Cd2+ + 2e- ® Cd¯ | -0.403 |
CdS | Cd¯ | CdS + 2e- ® Cd¯ + S2- | -1.17 |
Ce4+ | Ce3+ | Ce4+ + e- ® Ce3+ | +1.74 |
Cl2 | Cl- | Cl2 + 2e- ® 2Cl- | +1.359 |
ClO3- | Cl2 | 2ClO3- + 12H+ + 10e- ® Cl2 + 3H2O | +1.47 |
ClO3- | Cl- | ClO3- + 6H+ + 6e- ® Cl- + 3H2O | +1.45 |
ClO4- | Cl- | ClO4- + 8H+ + 8e- ® Cl- + 4H2O | +1.38 |
Co3+ | Сo2+ | Co3+ + e- ® Co2+ | +1.95 |
Cr3+ | Cr2+ | Cr3+ + e- ® Cr2+ | -0.41 |
Cr2+ | Cr¯ | Cr2+ + 2e- ® Cr¯ | -0.91 |
CrO42- | Cr(OH)3¯ | CrO42- + 4H2O + 3e- ® Cr(OH)3¯ + 5OH- | -0.13 |
Cr2O72- | Cr3+ | Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e- ® 2Cr3+ + 7H2O | +1.33 |
Cu2+ | Cu¯ | Cu2+ + 2e- ® Cu¯ | +0.345 |
Cu+ | Cu¯ | Cu+ + e- ® Cu¯ | +0.531 |
Cu2+ | Cu+ | Cu2+ + e- ® Cu+ | +0.159 |
Cu2+ | CuI¯ | Cu2+ + I- + e- ® CuI¯ | +0.86 |
Fe2+ | Fe¯ | Fe2+ + 2e- ® Fe¯ | -0.473 |
Fe3+ | Fe¯ | Fe3+ + 3e- ® Fe¯ | -0.058 |
Fe3+ | Fe2+ | Fe3+ + e- ® Fe2+ | +0.771 |
[Fe(CN)6]3- | [Fe(CN)6]4- | [Fe(CN)6]3- + e- ® [Fe(CN)6]4- | +0.360 |
2H+ | H2 | 2H+ + 2e- ® H2 | 0.000 |
H2O | H2 | 2H2O + 2e- ® H2 + 2OH- | -0.828 |
Hg2+ | Hg22+ | 2Hg2+ + 2e- ® Hg22+ | +0.907 |
Hg2+ | Hg¯ | Hg2+ + 2e- ® Hg¯ | +0.850 |
(продолжение)
Окисленная форма | Восстановленная форма | Окислительно-восстановительная полуреакция | E0, В |
Hg22+ | Hg¯ | Hg22+ + 2e- ® 2Hg¯ | +0.792 |
Hg2Cl2 | Hg¯ | Hg2Cl2¯ + 2e- ® 2Hg¯ + 2Cl- | +0.268 |
I2¯ | I- | I2¯ + 2e- ® 2I- | +0.536 |
I3- | I- | I3- + 2e- ® 3I- | +0.545 |
IO3- | I2 | 2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e- ® I2 + 3H2O | +1.19 |
IO3- | I- | IO3- + 6H+ + 6e- ® I- + 3H2O | +1.08 |
Mn2+ | Mn¯ | Mn2+ + 2e- ® Mn¯ | -1.17 |
MnO2¯ | Mn2+ | MnO2¯ + 4H+ + 2e- ® Mn2+ + 2H2O | +1.23 |
MnO4- | MnO42- | MnO4- + e- ® MnO42- | +0.558 |
MnO4- | Mn2+ | MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- ® Mn2+ + 4H2O | +1.51 |
MnO4- | MnO2¯ | MnO4- + 4H+ + 3e- ® MnO2¯ + 2H2O | +1.69 |
MnO4- | MnO2¯ | MnO4- + 2H2O + 3e- ® MnO2¯ + 4OH-- | +0.588 |
HNO2 | N2 | 2HNO2 + 6H+ + 6e- ® N2 | +1.44 |
HNO2 | NO | HNO2 + 2H+ + 2e- ® NO | +0.98 |
NO3- | NH4+ | NO3- + 10H+ + 8e- ® NH4+ + 3H2O | +0.87 |
NO3- | NH3 | NO3- + 6H2O + 8e- ® NH3 + 9OH- | -0.12 |
NO3- | NO | NO3- + 4H+ + 2e- ® NO -+ 2H2O | +0.96 |
NO3- | NO2 | NO3- + 2H+ + 2e- ® NO2 -+ H2O | +0.80 |
NO3- | HNO2 | NO3- + 3H+ + 2e- ® HNO2 + H2O | +0.94 |
Ni2+ | Ni¯ | Ni2+ + 2e- ® Ni¯ | -0.228 |
O2 | H2O | O2 + 4H+ + 4e- ® 2H2O | +1.23 |
O2 | OH- | O2 + 2H2O + 4e- ® 4OH- | +0.401 |
O2 | H2O2 | O2 + 2H+ + 2e- ® H2O2 | +0.682 |
O2 | H2O2 | O2 + 2H2O + 2e- ® H2O2 + 2OH- | -0.076 |
H2O2 | H2O | H2O2+2H++2e-®2H2O | +1.77 |
H2O2 | OH- | H2O2 + 2e- ® 2OH- | +0.88 |
O3 | O2 | O3 + 2H+ + 2e- ® O2 + H2O | +2.07 |
O3 | O2 | O3 + H2O + 2e- ® O2 + 2OH- | +1.27 |
Pb2+ | Pb¯ | Pb2+ + 2e- ® Pb¯ | -0.126 |
Pb4+ | Pb2+ | Pb4+ + 2e- ® Pb2+ | +1.66 |
PbO2¯ | Pb2+ | PbO2¯ + 4H+ + 2e- ® Pb2+ + 2H2O | +1.455 |
S¯ | S2- | S¯ + 2e- ® S2- | -0.464 |
S¯ | H2S | S¯ + 2H+ + 2e- ® H2S | +0.14 |
S4O62- | S2O32- | S4O62- + 2e- ® 2S2O32- | +0.09 |
SO42- | H2SO3 | SO42- + 4H+ + 2e- ® H2SO3 + H2O | +0.17 |
SO42- | SO32- | SO42- + H2O + 2e- ® SO32- + 2OH- | -0.93 |
SO42- | S2O32- | 2SO42- + 10H+ + 8e- ® S2O32- + 5H2O | -0.76 |
SO42- | H2S | SO42- + 10H+ + 8e- ® H2S + 4H2O | +0.31 |
S2O82- | 2SO42- | S2O82- + 2e- ® 2SO42- | +2.00 |
Sb3+ | Sb¯ | Sb3+ + 3e- ® Sb¯ | +0.20 |
SbO3- | SbO2- | SbO3- + H2O + 2e- ® SbO2- + 2OH- | -0.43 |
SeO42- | H2SeO3 | SeO42- + 4H+ + 2e- ® H2SeO3 + H2O | +1.15 |
SeO42- | SeO32- | SeO42- + H2O + 2e- ® SeO32- + 2OH- | +0.05 |
Sn2+ | Sn¯ | Sn2+ + 2e- ® Sn¯ | -0.140 |
Sn4+ | Sn2+ | Sn4+ + 2e- ® Sn2+ | +0.15 |
Zn2+ | Zn¯ | Zn 2+ + 2e- ® Zn ¯ | -0.764 |
ZnS | Zn¯ | ZnS + 2e- ® Zn¯ + S2- | -1.40 |
СОСТАВ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛ НЕКОТОРЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ СРАВНЕНИЯ ПО ОТНОШЕНИЮ К СТАНДАРТНОМУ ВОДОРОДНОМУ ЭЛЕКТРОДУ ПРИ 200С
Электрод сравнения | Состав электрода сравнения | Потенциал, В |
Стандартный водородный (СВЭ) | Pt, H2(P = 101,3 кПа) | HCl, a (H+) = 1 || | 0.000 |
Каломельный (КЭ) | Hg | Hg2Cl2, 0,1M KCl || Hg | Hg2Cl2, 1M KCl || Hg | Hg2Cl2, KCl нас || | +0.337 +0.284 +0,247 |
Хлорсеребряный (ХСЭ) | Ag | AgCl, 0,1M KCl || Ag | AgCl, 1M KCl || Ag | AgCl, KCl нас || | +0.290 +0.237 +0.201 |
СРЕДНИЕ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТЫ АКТИВНОСТИ ИОНОВ (fi)ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ ИОННОЙ СИЛЕ РАСТВОРА
Ионная сила (I) | z = 1 | z = 2 | z = 3 | z = 4 | Ионная сила (I) | z = 1 | z = 2 | z = 3 | z = 4 |
0.0001 0.0002 0.0005 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 | 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.84 0.81 | 0.95 0.94 0.90 0.86 0.81 0.72 0.63 0.57 0.50 0.44 | 0.90 0.87 0.80 0.73 0.64 0.51 0.39 0.28 0.21 0.16 | 0.83 0.77 0.67 0.26 0.45 0.30 0.18 0.12 0.06 0.04 | 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 | 0.80 0.81 0.82 0.84 0.87 0.89 0.92 0.96 0.99 | 0.41 0.42 0.45 0.50 0.56 0.63 0.72 0.83 0.96 | 0.14 0.14 0.17 0.21 0.27 0.36 0.48 0.66 0.91 | 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.16 0.27 0.48 0.85 |