2015-10-22
1111
What kind of managers does middle management include?
a) General manager and supervisors
B) Vice president and plant managers
c) Department managers and plant managers
4.2. Who is responsible for decision making?
a) General manager
b) Operating management
c) Any manager
4.3. What are the top management functions?
a) Working out the strategy and making main decisions
b) Working out new technologies
c) Only issuing instructions and supervising
4.4. What are basic elements of successful management?
a) controlling and staffing
b) motivation, communication and leadership
c) implementing the approach chosen
4.5. What kind of people should come instead of unsuccessful managers?
a) People with all-round education
b) People with original thinking, more expertise
c) People with investment fund
ВАРИАНТ № 5
I. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на видовременную форму и залог сказуемого, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1.1. It is known that the majority of regions … constantly the Federal center for
financial assistance.
a) begs
b) have begged
c) are begging
1.2. The prices … by supply and demand.
a) were determined
b) determine
c) are determined
1.3. The situation in low-income countries … since 1965.
a) has improved
b) is improving
c) was improved
1.4. The precious metals … first as money on the basis of weight.
a) were using
b) were used
c) had used
1.5. The government … all resources allocation decisions in the Soviet Union.
a) was made
b) made
c) had made
II. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
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2.1. The rate of unemployment is too high. The government … ignore it.
a) may not
b) cannot
c) needn’t
2.2. Even at zero output level a firm … pay some costs.
a) has to
b) may
c) are to
2.3. You … attend this seminar. You are very busy with the company’s annual
account. It is more important.
a) needn’t
b) mustn’t
c) aren’t to
2.4. The Meeting of Shareholders … begin in an hour. Don’t forget statistic
data on company’s profits and losses.
a) was able to
b) is to
c) have to
2.5. As the firm didn’t trust the partner it … sign a contract with them.
a) weren’t allowed to
b) cannot
c) wasn’t able to
III. Выпишите предложения, в которых причастие I является обстоятельством, и переведите их на русский язык.
3.1. The persons forming a company are required to submit several documents to the
Registar of Companies.
3.2. Making a decision, the economist should rely on all the information that he can
find.
3.3. At present we are recruiting a new sales director.
3.4. In developing countries, labour efficiency is too low in agriculture to hope for an
increase in food supply in the near future.
3.5. Money is essential in economy, serving as a means of exchange.
IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст, затем выполните тест по тексту:
The UK government measures against economic decline
We live in a world of change so at that any moment of time there will always be some industries in decline, but others will be growing. A declining industry, therefore would present no serious economic problems if labour and capital were extremely mobile; resources could move from declining to expanding industries.
Economic growth demands large expenditures on research and development, but this involves great risks, especially in the development stage. The development of the industrial process may cost ten or twenty times as much as the original research.
The government also operates its own research and development institutions, and several government agencies exist to offer advice and help firms introducing new technology (i.e. for innovation). In recent years the government has provided financial assistance towards the costs of developments in micro-electronics, office automation, computer-aided design, robots and aerospace. Financial support for innovation is available for all firms, both large and small.
It is believed that the UK's economic growth and ability to compete in world markets depends very much on the existence of a skilled and adaptable labour force.
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Even when unemployment was very high during the 1980s, several sectors of
industry were reporting serious shortages of particular types of skilled labour. This was one of several indications that the UK's training effort was lagging behind those of some other industrialized countries. The government has responded to this problem by greatly extending the facilities for training.
The government takes an interest in industrial performance in many other ways. It has played a leading role in the development of management education and took the initiative in setting up the British Institute of Management. It provides a wide range of services to assist exporters most notably with the Export Credits Guarantee Department which, by providing a kind of insurance against the possibility of default by overseas buyers, reduces the risks attached to trading overseas.
Many authorities hold the view that the relatively slow growth of productivity in British industry was at least partly due to constant changes in government economic policy which, by creating uncertainty, made firms very cautious about embarking on expensive modernization programmes. In the 1960s the government attempted to deal with this problem by setting up some machinery to assist with long-term planning. It established the National Economic Development Council with members drawn from the trade unions, the employers, and the government. Its task is to propose measures which would remove obstacles to economic growth and improve Britain's economic performance. Its proposals aim to provide some basis for the government's economic policies, and the setting out of its findings, it is hoped, will encourage industry to frame appropriate development plans.
ТЕСТ ПО ТЕКСТУ
