13.2.
body (one) | thing | where | ||
a positive sentence | some | somebody (someone) | something | somewhere |
- an interrogative sentence - a negative sentence (not any) | any | anybody (anyone) | anything | anywhere |
употребляется в условных предложениях после “if” If anybody rings me up, tell them I’ll be home after six. | ||||
a negative sentence | no | nobody (no one) | nothing | nowhere употребляется, как правило, как краткий ответ на вопрос “Where are you going?” “Nowhere.” |
every | everybody (everyone) | everything | everywhere |
Task 4. Learn the usage of the structure “to be + adjectives”
be to:
busy | late |
free | sorry |
lazy | present |
ill | absent |
tired (of) | responsible (for) |
sick and tired (of) | afraid (of) |
thirsty | anxious |
hungry | desperate |
over | nervous |
proud (of) | fond (of) |
famous (for) | excited |
born | ready (for) |
glad | bored (to death) |
happy | angry (cross) (with) |
Task 5. Revise Grammar:prepositions “of time”
Century | |
- в 15 веке | - in the 15th century |
- в начале 15 века | - at the beginning of the 15th century |
- в конце 15 века | - at the end of the 15th century |
- в середине 15 века | - in the middle of the 15th century |
Year | |
- в 1945 | - in1945; in the year of 1945 |
- в начале … | - at the beginning of the year |
- в конце … | - at the end of the year |
- в середине … | - in the middle of the year |
Seasons | |
- летом (зимой, весной, осенью) | - in summer (in winter, …) |
- этим летом (…) | - this summer (this winter, …) |
- прошлым летом (…) | - last summer (last winter, …) |
- будущим летом (…) | - next summer (next winter, …) |
Mind: в выражениях «этим …» (“ this … ”), «прошлым …» (“ last … ”),«будущим …» (“ next … ”)Артикль и предлоги перед последующим существительным не употребляются | last week, next lesson, this year, etc. |
- в начале … | - at the beginning of the summer |
- в конце … | - at the end of the spring |
- в середине … | - in the middle of the autumn |
Months | |
- в Октябре (…) | - in October (…) |
- в начале … | - at the beginning of October |
- в конце … | - at the end of October |
- в середине … | - in the middle of October |
Week days | |
- в понедельник (…) | - onMonday (…) |
Dates | |
- 25-го марта (…) | - on the 25th of March; on March the 25th |
24 hours; day and night | |
- утром (днем, вечером) | - in the morning (in the afternoon, in the evening) |
Но: - в понедельник утром, холодным вечером, … (т.е. – каким утром, днем, вечером) | But: - on Monday morning, on a cold evening, etc. |
- ночью | - at night |
- в полночь | - at midnight |
- в полдень | - in the midday |
- в 7 часов | - at7 (o’clock) |
- к 7 часам | - by 7 (o’clock) |
- до 7 часов | - till7 (o’clock) |
- с 6 до 7 часов | - from 6 till (until) 7 (o’clock), from 6 to 7 (o’clock) |
- около 7 часов | - at about 7 (o’clock) |
- во время, в течение: | - during, for |
- во время (события) | - during the war |
- в течение (на протяжении отрезка времени) | - for 2 hours |
- со времен, с тех пор, после | - sincehis arrival |
- после | - afterthe victory |
- накануне, перед | - beforethe lesson, on the Eveof the New Year |
- как только | - as soon asI can come |
- тому назад | - three days ago |
- пока, в течение (действия) | - as, when, while As (when, while) I was going along the street I didn’t notice any car. |
- на Пасху, в Рождество, … | - at Christmas (at Easter),…(On Easter Monday) |
- в конце недели, в выходной | - at the weekend (Gr. Br.) on the weekend (US) |
- через | - in I’ll call you in a week. |
Task 4. Question words and types of questions
“to be” | ||
утвердительное предложение | My brother is a football fan. My friends are football fans. | |
отрицательное предложение | My brother is not (isn’t) a football fan. My friends are not (aren’t) football fans. | |
вопросы | общий вопрос | Is your brother a football fan? Are your friends football fans? |
альтернативный вопрос | Is your brother a football fan or a box fan? Are your friends football fans orbox fans? | |
специальный вопрос | специальный вопрос | What sport is your brother a fan of? What sport are your friends fans of? |
специальный вопрос с who | Whois a fan of football? | |
разделительный вопрос | Your brother is a football fan, isn’t he? Your friends are football fans, aren’t they? |
Who | Кто (о человеке) | |
- Who is he? – He is a good boy. | ||
Who(m) | Кого, Кому | |
Who(m) do you see there? | ||
What | Что(о предмете) | |
- What is on the table? – The book is. | ||
Кто(о животном) | ||
- What do you have? – I have a cat. | ||
Кто(о человеке – по профессии) | ||
- What is your mother? – She is a doctor. | ||
What (+ существительное) | Какой | What music do you like? |
What kind of | What kind of music do you like? | |
Whose (+ существительное) | Чей | |
Whosebook is it? | ||
Where | Где | |
Wheredo you live? | ||
Куда | ||
Where are you going (to)? | ||
Where … from | Откуда | |
Where are you from? | ||
When | Когда | |
When will you come home? | ||
Why | Почему | |
Why are you not at home? | ||
What … for | Зачем, для чего | |
What is it for? | ||
How | Как | |
How can I do it? | ||
How many (countable nouns) | Сколько | How many sisters have you? |
How much (uncountable nouns) | How much coffee do you want? | |
How long (time) | How long will you stay in Kiev? | |
Which | Который | |
Which book is yours? |