The Russian Federation

Crimea

The Crimean Peninsula – Крымский полуостров

The Golden Horde- Золотая Орда

Isthmus of Perekop – Перекопский перешеек

The Republic of Crimea- Республика Крым

The federal city - город федерального значения

To surround- окружить

the Kerch bridge- Керченский мост

naval base- военно-морская база

the Black Sea Fleet- Черноморский флот

The Crimean Peninsula is a major land mass on the northern coast of the Black Sea that is almost completely surrounded by water. The classical name Tauris or Taurica is from the Greek Ταυρική, after the peninsula's Scytho-Cimmerian inhabitants, the Tauri. The name "Crimea" ultimately, via Italian, and penultimately from the name of Qırım which served as a capital of the Crimean province of the Golden Horde.

The peninsula is located south of Kherson and west of the Kuban. It is surrounded by two seas: the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast. It is connected to Kherson by the Isthmus of Perekop and is separated from Kuban by the Strait of Kerch. The Arabat Spit is located to the northeast; a narrow strip of land that separates a system of lagoons named Sivash from the Sea of Azov.

The Crimean peninsula comprises many smaller peninsulas, such as the mentioned Kerch peninsula, Heracles Peninsula, Tarkhankut Peninsula and many others. Crimea also possesses lots of headlands such as Cape Priboiny, Cape Tarkhankut, Sarych, Cape Fonar, Kazantyp, Cape Akburun and many others.

The Crimean coastline is broken by several bays and harbors. These harbors lie west of the Isthmus of Perekop by the Bay of Karkinit: on the southwest by the open Bay of Kalamita between the port cities of Eupatoria and Sevastopol.

The Kerch Peninsula is attached to the Crimean mainland by Isthmus of Yenikale, delimited by the Bay of Arabat to the north (interrupted by the incoming Arabat Spit), and the Bay of Caffa to the south (arching eastward from the port of Feodosiya).

Kerch, Feodosia, Stari Krim are cities that are several thousands of years old. Crimea is very popular place for hikers, too. There are many nice rivers, rocks, canyons, caves and forests in Crimea.

The Crimea is a part of Russia from March, 2014, which administers it as two federal subjects: the Republic of the Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. Simferopol is a capital city of the Crimea.

Mainland Russia is one step closer to a direct link to the Crimea. Workers are building temporary bridges that will carry construction machinery and deliver materials to the Kerch bridge site. Eventually there will be three bridges, one is already working.

The 19-kilometer long main bridge is expected to be constructed in December, 2018 and will connect Kerch in to mainland Russia

The port of Sevastopol is a major naval base and has been home to the Black Sea Fleet since the Soviet time.

 

Questions. 1. What is the second name of the Crimea?2. What is the history of the Crimean Peninsula name? 3. Where is the Crimean Peninsula located?4. Which countries are bordering with the Crimea?5. What is the capital city of the region?6. When the Kerch Bridge is expected to be opened? 7. In what city of the region is situated the Black Sea Fleet situated? Yes or no. Interesting facts about the Crimea. 1. The Black River is the longest river of the Crimea. (yes\no)2. M. Lermontov came to the Crimea. (yes\no)3. The oldest trolleybus in the world goes on the longest route in the world in the Crimea. (yes\no)4. Kerch is the ancient city of the Crimea. (yes\no)5. Russia's first wagon train with refrigeration brought fresh oysters from the Crimea to the Emperor's family. (yes\no)6. The Crimea became a part of Russia in March 16, 2014. (yes\no) 7. Simferopol is the largest city of the Crimea. (yes\no)

 

 

 

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION