Fill in the chart with family words. Translate them into Russian

УДК

ББК

Лазарева О.П., Хвесько Т.В., Шулинин И.Н.

 ХРЕСТОМАТИЯ

для чтения профессионально-направленных

текстов по социологии. Английский язык.

– Тюмень: Издательство ТюмГУ, 2012. 40 с.

 

 

Хрестоматия ориентирована на студентов соиологического профиля (аспирантура, магистратура), совершенствующих свою англоязычную профессиональную компетенцию.

Целью пособия является формирование умений детализированного, поискового и просмотрового чтения на базе оригинальных научно-тематических и публицистических текстов по социологическим проблемам.

Структура учебного пособия включает тематические разделы «социология как наука», «методы социологических исследований», «работы классиков социологии». В текстах отражены концептуальные понятия и актуальные проблемы в области социологии.

      Предтекстовые и послетекстовые задания построены на основе современной коммуникативно- ориентированной методики, способствуют закреплению лексики по специальности, развитию смысловой догадки восприятия текста, а также выработке навыков устной дискуссии по изученным разделам.

Хрестоматия содержит неадаптированные тексты социологической литературы западных ученых, знаменитых социологов на английском языке.

 

 

ОТВЕТСТВЕННЫЙ РЕДАКТОР: И.Л. Плужник, доктор педагогических 

                                                  наук, профессор

РЕЦЕНЗЕНТЫ: О.Б.Пономарева, доктор филологических наук, профессор

                       С.И.Шиликов,  кандидат педагогических наук,

                       доцент

 

© Тюменский государственный университет, 2012.

© Т.В.Хвесько, И.Н.Шулинин, 2012.

CONTENTS

Unit I WOMEN AND SOCIETY …………………………………………….….4

TEXT 1. THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY…………………4

TEXT 2. A FEMALE BODYGUARD FIGHTS BACK…………………………7

Unit II FAMILY ……………………………………………………………….10

TEXT 1. A CONTEMPORARY FAMILY ……………………..……………….10

TEXT 2. PRE-NUPTIAL CONTRACTS ………………………………..……....13

TEXT 3. THE CHANGING SHAPE OF THE FAMILY ……………….…...…..16

Unit III. CULTURES ……………………………………………….....………20

TEXT 1. SUPERSTITIONS AND PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOUR ACROSS CULTURES ……………………………………………….…………………….20

TEXT 2. COMMON SUPERSTITIONS ………………………………..………23

TEXT 3. BUSINESS BEHAVIOUR …………………………………………….26

Unit IV. MEDIA ……………………………………….………………..……..31

TEXT 1. MEDIA AND SOCIETY………………………………………..……..31

TEXT 2. TELEVISION'S IMPACT ON SOCIETY……………..………..……..33

Sources and Literature ……………………………………………………….…………39

Unit I. WOMEN AND SOCIETY

Text 1. THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY

1. Answer these questions:

- What affects female status in society?

- In what societies is women's status among the highest/the lowest? Why?

- Has the women's role changed or remained the same over the years?

Read the text and check if you were right.

THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY

There are and always have been very distinct divisions in the social roles and statuses of men and women. These divisions arc deep-rooted in economic, social and religious beliefs throughout history. Women have played many roles in society throughout history. Through the centuries, almost every society has developed certain ideas of what activities are proper for women. In some societies, there is no greater honor than to be a woman and a mother. Yet, as in some cultures, the lives of women are of such less value than those of men that the practice of female infan­ticide has become a widely used device for population control. Over time, many reasons have been given for the gender inequality that exists in society. Women are supposed to be weaker, less aggressive and more caring and nurturing than men. However, the most applied barrier of equality, especially in the workplace, has been woman's ability to bear children. Because only women have the ability to bear children, it has often been viewed that it is thus a woman's ultimate obligation to do it. There has been no scientific evidence though that women have so called maternal instinct, that is, a natural desire to bear and care for children. From the earliest of times, motherhood has helped to divide men and women since women primarily stay at home while pregnant and nursing. Likewise, men have traditionally taken jobs away from home. In prime-five times, this practice may not have suggested inequality between the sexes. Yet, in our modem times the tradition of women staying at home rearing children while men work outside home has left many women eco­nomically dependent on men to provide the material necessities of life.

Nevertheless, the women's role has changed tremendously and is having its greatest impact on our society today. A lot of women are play­ing a major role in many important areas such as politics, professional training jobs, medicine, business and law. Formerly they were not part of any political, economic or social matters, but they have advanced in many aspects.

Yet, there is still a great deal of debating concerning the women's role in society. How is it that in today's world, where everyone preaches about the value of equality, women still does not occupy the same social position as men do? Women are being reminded of the true calling of their nature as mothers and housewives, which limit their perspective for a much more fulfilling life.

Vocabulary Notes:

Distinct division – четкое разделение

Deep-rooted – укоренились

Proper – подходящий

Infanticide – детоубийство

More caring and nurturing – более склонна к воспитанию

Ultimate obligation – основная обязанность

Scientific evidence – научное доказательство

While pregnant and nursing – во время вынашивания и вскармливания

Material necessities – материальная обеспеченность

A great deal of – множество

What is the main idea of the text and the key points of the passages?

4. Write down all the words referring to such issues as:

a) gender inequality, b) maternal instinct, c) material necessities.

Read out the sentences they are used in and translate them into Russian.

Look back at the text, find out and write down the answers to the following questions.

- Are there any divisions in the social roles and statuses of men and women?

-What gender is supposed to be weaker, less aggressive and more caring?

-What has helped to divide men and women concerning stay at home?

- In what areas are women play­ing a great role nowadays?

6. Give Russian equivalents to the following words and expressions:

social roles of men and women, proper activities for women, female infanticide, gender inequality.

Fill in the chart with family words. Translate them into Russian.

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
division
		social
inequality
		scientific
		maternal
			early
	depend

8. Translate the passages of the text in written form beginning from “Nevertheless, the women's role has changed tremendously” up to “they have advanced in many aspects”.