II. Speaking Exercises

Exercise 1. Describe drum; pad; safety; seal; using the suggested words and expressionsas in example:

drum hollow; solid; cylinder; barrel; act; an exterior entity; drum brake; hoisting drum; A drum is a hollow or solid cylinder or barrel that acts on, or is acted upon by, an exterior entity, such as the drum in a drum brake.Also known as hoisting drum.

pad layer; material; use; a cushion; protection;

safety methods; techniques; avoiding; accident; disease;

seal device; system; create; nonleaking; mechanical or process-system elements; gaskets; mechanical; rotating members; pump shafts; liquid; to prevent; gas entry; loss; a gas-liquid processing;

Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:

1) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: Many experts recommend rebuilding or replacing calipers and wheel cylinders when the brakes are relined in high-mileage vehicles.

2) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: Calipers apply the brakes in a disc brake system, while wheel cylinders perform the same job in drum brakes.

3) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: Rotors and drums have wear limits for safety reasons.

4) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: Ceramic-based friction materials have become popular in recent years because of their stable braking characteristics.

5) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: If a vehicle was originally equipped with ceramic pads, the replacement pads should also be ceramic.

III. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the suggested words: sets; wear;friction;

Brake pads and shoes are sold in matched axle ________ (both fronts or both rears) and should be installed in matched sets on the vehicle. Many vehicles are very sensitive to the type of _________ material in the linings so you should recommend a premium grade of replacement linings that are the same basic type (or better) of friction material as the OE linings to maintain the same feel, __________ and stopping power.

Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words and expressions from the text:

	parts	systems	processes
Example: Most vehicles still have	disc brakes in the front and drums in the rear
Many vehicles are very sensitive to
Ceramics are also quieter than
Rotors and drums may need to be resurfaced or replaced when