Особая роль специалистов в области охране труда

В период вспышки заболевания специалисты в области охраны труда играют ключевую роль в деле обеспечения работников и их руководства достоверной информацией, необходимой для понимания симптомов заболевания и индивидуальных мер предосторожности (таких как правила поведения во время кашля (чихания), мытье рук, самоизоляция в случае болезни и т.д.) (Ivanov, 2020). Они должны помочь работодателям оценить риски (например, определить опасные факторы инфекционного и неинфекционного характера и оценить соответствующие риски; принять меры противодействия и профилактики; осуществить их мониторинг и контроль), а также разработать или актуализовать план профилактики, сдерживания распространения инфекции, минимизации заражения и восстановления нормальной деятельности (Ivanov, 2020).

Одна из главных проблем, стоящих перед специалистами по охране труда, касается многообразия производственных ситуаций, для которых нужно выработать рекомендации. Это включает в себя условия труда медицинского персонала и работников экстренных служб, работников, оказывающих жизненно важные услуги (например, услуги снабжения и розничной торговли продуктами питания, коммунальные услуги, услуги транспорта, связи, доставки и т.д.), неорганизованных работников (в том числе неформальной экономики, сдельного труда, сферы домашних услуг и т.д.) и работников, работающих в условиях альтернативной организации труда (в удаленном режиме) (Ivanov, 2020).

Проблема, аналогичная созданной пандемией Covid-19, может быть преодолена только при условии глобальных и согласованных мер противодействия, осуществляемых на основе беспрецедентного сотрудничества между государствами, социальными партнерами, ассоциациями, международными организациями, экономическими и финансовыми учреждениями всех уровней. Для минимизации влияния последствий санитарного кризиса на сферу труда нужно учитывать многие аспекты, и в этой связи охрана труда остается главным активом, призванным охранять здоровье работников, в том числе в ситуациях угрозы для здоровья всего населения.

 

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