2020-09-26
24310
always said everything more exciting than it seemed
often made everything sound more excitingly than it was really
19 … new idea ….
Each … is taken up to be developed farther
Every single … is been taken up and developed still furtherer
Every … is taken up and developed further
Everyone … is taken up and being developed further
Collocations
| tutor | 1 | a teacher at a British college or university who teaches one student or a small group |
| student | 2 | a person who is learning at a college or university |
| postgraduate | 3 | a student who has already received one degree and is studying at a university for a more advanced degree |
| scientist | 4 | expert in a particular branch of science; researcher |
| 5 | a person who works in an office, dealing with records or performing general office duties | |
| 6 | a person whose job is to examine a crime, problem, statement, etc. in order to discover the truth |
| research | 1 | a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a (new) understanding |
| exam | 2 | a test of a student's knowledge or skill in a particular subject |
| diploma | 3 | a document given by a college or university to show that you have passed a particular exam or finished your studies |
| career | 4 | the job or series of jobs that you do during your working life, especially if you continue to get better jobs and earn more money |
| 5 | a set of large folded sheets of printed paper containing news, articles, pictures, advertisements etc. which is sold daily or weekly | |
| 6 | a formal document describing the rights, aims, or principles of an organization or group of people |
| data | 1 | information especially when it is in the form of facts or statistics that you can analyse |
| article | 2 | a piece of writing on a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine, or on the internet |
| report | 3 | a search for a particular type of information in a large amount of data, or the results of a search |
| dissertation | 4 | a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done in order to receive a degree at college or university |
| 5 | a description of an event or something that happened to someone, especially a spoken description of it | |
| 6 | a piece of writing that is intended to be acted in a theatre or on radio or television |
| study | 1 | a piece of work that is done to find out more about a particular subject or problem, and usually includes a written report |
| program | 2 | a course of study, especially at a college or university |
| skill | 3 | an ability to do an activity or job well, especially because you have practised it |
| degree | 4 | the qualification given to a student after he or she has completed his or her studies |
| 5 | a temporary position or job in an organization | |
| 6 | the ability to talk, the activity of talking, or a piece of spoken language |
| expert | 1 | a person with a high level of knowledge or skill relating to a particular subject |
| specialization | 2 | a particular area of knowledge or the process of becoming an expert in a particular area |
| topic | 3 | a subject that is discussed, written about, or studied |
| aim | 4 | a result that your plans or actions are intended to achieve |
| 5 | the work of making sure something is done properly and according to all the rules | |
| 6 | a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase |
| basic | 1 | simple and not complicated, so able to provide the base or starting point from which something |
| advanced | 2 | ahead or far or further along in progress, complexity, knowledge, skill, etc. |
| scientific | 3 | relating to science, or using the organized methods of science |
| actual | 4 | existing in fact |
| 5 | coming before a more important action or event, especially introducing or preparing for it | |
| 6 | intended to show meaning, often secretly |
| part | 1 | a separate piece of something, or a piece that combines with other pieces to form the whole of something |
| practice | 2 | a job or business that involves a lot of skill or training |
| theory | 3 | something suggested as a reasonable explanation for facts, a condition, or an event, esp. a systematic or scientific explanation |
| version | 4 | a particular form of something that varies from other forms of the same thing |
| 5 | a feeling or state of strongly wanting something | |
| 6 | something, such as a funny story or trick, that is said or done in order to make people laugh |
| introduction | 1 | the first part of something |
| solution | 2 | an answer to a problem |
| conclusion | 3 | the final part of something |
| chapter | 4 | any of the separate parts into which a book or other piece of text is divided, usually given a number or title |
| 5 | a small amount of an emotion or quality | |
| 6 | an opinion that someone offers you about what you should do or how you should act in a particular situation |
| university | 1 | an educational institution at the highest level, where you study for a degree |
| department | 2 | one of the groups of people who work together in a particular part of a large organization such as a hospital, university, company, or government |
| laboratory | 3 | a special room or building in which a scientist does tests or prepares substances |
| conference | 4 | a large formal meeting where a lot of people discuss important matters such as business, politics, or science, especially for several days |
| 5 | someone who makes a formal speech to a group of people | |
| 6 | a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group, or the act of making it |
| mistake | 1 | something that has been done in the wrong way, or an opinion or statement that is incorrect |
| result | 2 | something that happens or exists because of something that happened before |
| plan | 3 | a set of actions for achieving something in the future, especially a set of actions that has been considered carefully and in detail |
| subject | 4 | the thing you are talking about or considering in a conversation, discussion, etc. |
| 5 | the way in which something is said, offered, shown, or explained to others | |
| 6 | something such as a prize or money given to someone to reward them for something they have done |
| take part | 1 | to be involved in an activity, sport, event etc with other people |
| solve | 2 | to find or provide a way of dealing with a problem |
| improve | 3 | to make something better, or to become better |
| develop | 4 | to design or make a new idea, product, system etc. over a period of time |
| 5 | to do something that you were not doing before | |
| 6 | to try to find out the truth about something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem |
| opportunity | 1 | a chance to do something or an occasion when it is easy for you to do something |
| opinion | 2 | your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject |
| equipment | 3 | the tools, machines etc. that you need to do a particular job or activity |
| management | 4 | the activity of controlling and organizing the work that a company or organization does |
| 5 | a reason, cause, or argument | |
| 6 | a statement or piece of writing intended to describe how something works or make something easier to understand |
| affect | 1 | to do something that produces an effect or change in something or in someone’s situation |
| answer | 2 | to say something to someone as a reply when they have asked you a question, made a suggestion etc. |
| attend | 3 | to go to an event such as a meeting or a class |
| consult | 4 | to ask for information or advice from someone because it is their job to know something |
| 5 | to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business or politics | |
| 6 | to disagree with someone in words, often in an angry way |
| procedure | 1 | a way of doing something, especially the correct or usual way |
| information | 2 | facts or details that tell you something about a situation, person, event etc. |
| analysis | 3 | a careful examination of something in order to understand it better |
| tendency | 4 | a general change or development in a particular direction |
| 5 | a statement about what you think is going to happen, or the act of making this statement | |
| 6 | to say the opposite of what someone else has said |
| book | 1 | a set of printed pages that are held together in a cover so that you can read them |
| story | 2 | an account of something that has happened, usually one that people tell each other, and which may not be true |
| heading | 3 | the title written at the beginning of a piece of writing, or at the beginning of part of a book |
| science | 4 | knowledge about the world, especially based on examining, testing, and proving facts |
| 5 | a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group, or the act of making it | |
| 6 | the end or final part of something |
| arrange | 1 | to organize or make plans for something such as a meeting, party, or trip |
| examine | 2 | to look at something carefully and thoroughly because you want to find out more about it |
| refer | 3 | to talk or write about someone or something, especially in only a few words |
| argue | 4 | to give the reasons for your opinion, idea, belief, etc. |
| 5 | a reason that you give to explain careless or offensive behaviour | |
| 6 | to have the same opinion |
| explanation | 1 | a statement or piece of writing intended to describe how something works or make something easier to understand |
| prediction | 2 | a statement about what you think is going to happen, or the act of making this statement |
| knowledge | 3 | the information, skills, and understanding that you have gained through learning or experience |
| topic | 4 | a subject that people talk or write about |
| 5 | (the process of asking) a question | |
| 6 | a decision that something or someone is not important and not worth considering |
| dominant | 1 | more important, strong, or noticeable than anything else of the same type |
| ordinary | 2 | not different, special, or unexpected in any way; usual |
| social | 3 | relating to society and living together in an organized way |
| academic | 4 | relating to schools, colleges, and universities, or connected with studying and thinking, not with practical skills |
| 5 | having or showing the ability to learn and understand things quickly and easily | |
| 6 | successful or achieving the results that you want |
| concept | 1 | a principle or idea |
| progress | 2 | movement to an improved or more developed state, or to a forward position |
| question | 3 | any matter that needs to be dealt with or considered |
| task | 4 | a piece of work to be done, especially one done regularly, unwillingly, or with difficulty |
| 5 | a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about | |
| 6 | a choice that you make about something after thinking about several possibilities |
| innovation | 1 | (the use of) a new idea or method |
| stage | 2 | a part of an activity or a period of development |
| technology | 3 | (the study and knowledge of) the practical, especially industrial, use of scientific discoveries |
| search | 4 | an attempt to find an answer to a problem |
| 5 | a list of aims or possible future achievements | |
| 6 | an idea, plan, or action that is suggested or the act of suggesting it |
| attention | 1 | the act of directing the mind to listen, see, or understand; notice |
| model | 2 | something that a copy can be based on because it is an extremely good example of its type |
| evidence | 3 | one or more reasons for believing that something is or is not true |
| aspect | 4 | one part of a situation, problem, subject, etc. |
| 5 | an argument against another argument, idea, or suggestion | |
| 6 | a promise to yourself to do or not to do something |
| logical | 1 | reasonable and based on good judgment |
| alternative | 2 | something that is different from something else, especially from what is usual, and offering the possibility of choice |
| practical | 3 | relating to experience, real situations, or actions rather than ideas or imagination |
| available | 4 | able to be obtained, used, or reached |
| 5 | ready to deal with a situation | |
| 6 | happening or existing only once, separate |
| achievement | 1 | something that you did or got after planning and working to make it happen, and that therefore gives you a feeling of satisfaction, or the act of working to make this happen |
| value | 2 | the importance or worth of something for someone |
| viewpoint | 3 | the mental attitude that determines a person's opinions or judgments |
| structure | 4 | the way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way |
| 5 | a book or record containing a list of names | |
| 6 | something that is typical of the group of things that it is a member of |
| contemporary | 1 | existing or happening now |
| different | 2 | not the same |
| frequent | 3 | happening often |
| elementary | 4 | simple or easy; basic |
| 5 | not easy or simple; hard to do or to understand | |
| 6 | consisting of two or more parts |
| calculate | 1 | to judge the amount or value of something by using information and especially numbers |
| perform | 2 | to do an action or piece of work |
| suggest | 3 | to produce an idea in the mind |
| compare | 4 | to examine or look for the difference between two or more things |
| 5 | to disagree with something, often by speaking or fighting against it | |
| 6 | to announce something clearly, firmly, publicly, or officially |
| instrument | 1 | a way of achieving or causing something |
| sum up | 2 | to describe something as briefly as possible |
| forecast | 3 | to say what you expect to happen in the future |
| consequence | 4 | a result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient |
| 5 | a socially valuable principle that is strongly supported by some people | |
| 6 | a situation or subject that is being dealt with or considered |
| interpretation | 1 | an explanation or opinion of what something means |
| history | 2 | something that happened or ended a long time ago and is not important now |
| rule | 3 | an accepted principle or instruction that states the way things are or should be done |
| project | 4 | a statement telling people what they should do in order to achieve success or a benefit of some kind |
| 5 | the act of refusing to accept, use, or believe someone or something | |
| 6 | an understanding, thought, or picture in your mind |
| discussion | 1 | the examination or consideration of a matter in speech or writing |
| atmosphere | 2 | the character, feeling, or mood of a place or situation |
| scope | 3 | the range of a subject covered by a book, programme, discussion, class, etc. |
| growth | 4 | an increase in the size or the importance of something |
| 5 | an amount or level of payment | |
| 6 | the process of something becoming less, or the amount by which something becomes less |
| true | 1 | not false, fictional, or illusory; factual or factually accurate; conforming with reality |
| important | 2 | of great significance or value; outstanding |
| obvious | 3 | easy to see or understand; evident |
| present | 4 | in existence at the moment in time at which an utterance is spoken or written |
| 5 | not real, but made to look or seem real | |
| 6 | new, original, and clever |
| graduate | 1 | to complete a first university degree successfully |
| mention | 2 | to speak about something quickly, giving little detail or using few words |
| represent | 3 | to speak, act, or be present officially for another person or people |
| change | 4 | to make or become different |
| 5 | to know why or how something happens or works | |
| 6 | to have a different opinion or be unable to agree |
| original | 1 | the first one made and not a copy |
| advance | 2 | the forward movement of something, or an improvement or development in something |
| ground | 3 | a reason, cause, or argument |
| quality | 4 | a characteristic or feature of someone or something |
| 5 | the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured | |
| 6 | the way in which something is arranged |
| nature | 1 | the type or main characteristic of something |
| attitude | 2 | the way you feel about something or someone, or a particular feeling or opinion |
| critical | 3 | of the greatest importance to the way things might happen |
| training | 4 | the process of learning the skills you need to do a particular job or activity |
| 5 | a test done in order to learn something or to discover if something works or is true | |
| 6 | a statement about what you think will happen in the future |
| condition | 1 | the particular state that something or someone is in |
| direction | 2 | the position towards which someone or something moves or faces |
| design | 3 | the way in which something is planned and made |
| cause | 4 | something without which something else would not happen |
| 5 | a result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient | |
| 6 | the act of saying that you will not do or accept something |
| criticise | 1 | to express disapproval of someone or something |
| accept | 2 | to agree to take something |
| outcome | 3 | a result or effect of an action, situation, etc. |
| observe | 4 | to watch carefully the way something happens or the way someone does something, especially in order to learn more about it |
| 5 | a particular way of operating or organizing a system, an economy, etc. | |
| 6 | a mention of something |
| question | 1 | any matter that needs to be dealt with or considered |
| area | 2 | a subject or activity, or a part of it |
| discovery | 3 | the process of finding information, a place, or an object, especially for the first time, or the thing that is found |
| topical | 4 | of, relating to, or constituting current affairs |
| 5 | a person's ability to do more than one thing at a time | |
| 6 | having a lot of influence on someone or something |
| question | 1 | any matter that needs to be dealt with or considered |
| idea | 2 | a mental representation of something |
| discovery | 3 | the process of finding information, a place, or an object, especially for the first time, or the thing that is found |
| demand | 4 | an urgent or peremptory requirement or request |
| 5 | something that is different from something else, especially from what is usual, and offering the possibility of choice | |
| 6 | a feeling of sadness about something sad or wrong or about a mistake that you have made, and a wish that it could have been different and better |
| debate | 1 | (a) serious discussion of a subject in which many people take part |
| survey | 2 | an examination of opinions, behaviour, etc., made by asking people questions |
| complicated | 3 | involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand |
| primary | 4 | more important than anything else; main |
| 5 | needing little effort | |
| 6 | having or made of only one or a few parts |
| considerable | 1 | large or of noticeable importance |
| revision | 2 | a change that is made to something, or the process of doing this |
| characteristic | 3 | a typical or noticeable quality of someone or something |
| hypothesis | 4 | an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved |
| 5 | a lack of understanding, or a state of disorder | |
| 6 | the fact of knowing someone or something because you have seen or heard him or her or experienced it before |
| form | 1 | the shape or appearance of something |
| confirm | 2 | to prove that a belief or an opinion that was previously not completely certain is true |
| put forward | 3 | to state an idea or opinion, or to suggest a plan or person, for other people to consider |
| process | 4 | a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result |
| 5 | an occasion when someone does not understand something correctly | |
| 6 | the act or process of taking part in something |
| effort | 1 | physical or mental activity needed to achieve something |
| common | 2 | found frequently in many places or among many people |
| feature | 3 | a typical quality or an important part of something |
| method | 4 | a particular way of doing something |
| 5 | the condition of having a lasting effect; importance | |
| 6 | an opinion, belief, or idea, or a way of thinking about something |
1
| 1 | positive | A | full of hope and confidence, or giving cause for hope and confidence |
| 2 | critic | B | saying that someone or something is bad or wrong |
| 3 | global | C | relating to the whole world |
| 4 | previous | D | happening or existing before something or someone else |
| E | of or at the beginning | ||
| F | involving a lot of different but related parts |
2
| 1 | schedule | A | a list of planned activities or things to be done showing the times or dates when they are intended to happen or be done |
| 2 | scholar | B | a person who studies a subject in great detail, especially at a university |
| 3 | profile | C | a description of a person or organization that contains all the details that someone needs |
| 4 | profit | D | money that you make by selling something or from your business, especially the money that remains after you have paid all your business costs |
| E | the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking etc. | ||
| F | someone who keeps or examines the records of money received, paid, and owed by a company or person |
3
| 1 | conversation | A | (a) talk between two or more people in which thoughts, feelings, and ideas are expressed, questions are asked and answered, or news and information is exchanged |
| 2 | network | B | a large system consisting of many similar parts that are connected together to allow movement or communication between or along the parts, or between the parts and a control center |
| 3 | requirement | C | something that you must do, or something you need |
| 4 | audience | D | the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking etc. |
| E | a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done | ||
| F | a feeling or state of strongly wanting something |
4
| 1 | personality | A | the type of person you are, shown by the way you behave, feel, and think |
| 2 | manager | B | a person in charge of a company's sales activities and its sales force |
| 3 | competence | C | the ability to do something well |
| 4 | investigator | D | a person whose job is to examine a crime, problem, statement, etc. in order to discover the truth |
| E | a person who studies or has a special knowledge of economics | ||
| F | the description of an object or an idea as if it had human characteristics |
5
| 1 | model | A | something that a copy can be based on because it is an extremely good example of its type |
| 2 | solution | B | the answer to a problem |
| 3 | field | C | an area of activity or interest |
| 4 | transaction | D | an occasion when someone buys or sells something, or when money is exchanged or the activity of buying or selling something |
| E | a choice that you make about something after thinking about several possibilities | ||
| F | the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking etc. |
6
| 1 | profit | A | money that you make by selling something or from your business, especially the money that remains after you have paid all your business costs |
| 2 | method | B | a particular way of doing something |
| 3 | research | C | a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a new understanding |
| 4 | comment | D | something that you say or write that expresses your opinion |
| E | a willingness to give your time and energy to something that you believe in, or a promise or firm decision to do something | ||
| F | a piece of text, a formal suggestion, or a drawing in its original state, often containing the main ideas and intentions but not the developed form |
7
| 1 | receive | A | to get or be given something |
| 2 | confirm | B | to make an arrangement or meeting certain, often by phone or writing |
| 3 | indicate | C | to show, point, or make clear in another way |
| 4 | identify | D | to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what that person or thing is |
| E | to make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it or by talking to that person and making them believe it | ||
| F | to tell someone about particular facts |
8
| 1 | common | A | the same in a lot of places or for a lot of people |
| 2 | structural | B | relating to the way in which parts of a system or object are arranged |
| 3 | key | C | very important and having a lot of influence on other people or things |
| 4 | internal | D | existing or happening inside a person, object, organization, place, or country |
| E | a particular way of thinking, especially one that is reasonable and based on good judgement | ||
| F | having a lot of ideas and enthusiasm |
9
| 1 | sequence | A | a series of related things or events, or the order in which they follow each other |
| 2 | expense | B | the use of money, time, or effort |
| 3 | problem | C | a situation, person, or thing that needs attention and needs to be dealt with or solved |
| 4 | background | D | the conditions that existed before a particular event happened, and that help to explain why it happened |
| E | the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking etc. | ||
| F | money that is earned from doing work or received from investments |
1
| 1 | deal with | A | to take action in order to achieve something or in order to solve a problem |
| 2 | increase | B | to (make something) become larger in amount or size |
| 3 | follow | C | to move behind someone or something and go where he, she, or it goes |
| 4 | differ | D | to be not like something or someone else, either physically or in another way |
| E | to give the main facts about something | ||
| F | to express the most important facts or ideas about something or someone in a short and clear form |
2
| 1 | capital | A | money and possessions, especially a large amount of money used for producing more wealth or for starting a new business |
| 2 | tax | B | (an amount of) money paid to the government that is based on income or the cost of goods or services you have bought |
| 3 | budget | C | a plan to show how much money a person or organization will earn and how much they will need be able to spend |
| 4 | event | D | something that happens, especially something that involves several people |
| E | a detailed record that a business keeps of the money it receives and spends in a particular period of time | ||
| F | an amount of money that a person pays to be allowed to do something such as joins an organization |
3
| 1 | opposite | A | completely different |
| 2 | contemporary | B | existing or happening now |
| 3 | precise | C | exact and accurate |
| 4 | empirical | D | based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory |
| E | able to compete | ||
| F | of or at the beginning |
4
| 1 | agreement | A | an arrangement or decision about what to do, made by two or more people, groups, or organizations |
| 2 | phenomenon | B | an event or situation that can be seen to happen or exist |
| 3 | profit | C | money that you make by selling something or from your business, especially the money that remains after you have paid all your business costs |
| 4 | source | D | the course of a problem or the place where it began |
| E | the act of saying what you think or showing how you feel using words or actions | ||
| F | the act of considering something again in order to make changes to it, give an opinion of it or study it |
1
| epilogue | A | an extra comment or piece of information added at the end of a novel, long poem or other piece of writing |
| preface | B | an introduction to a book or speech |
| epigraph | C | a short piece of writing put at the beginning of a book or on a building or statue |
| appendices | D | a section giving extra details at the end of a book or document |
| E | the main part of a book or document | |
| F | the process of changing, improving or making additions to a piece of writing |
2
| abstract | A | a summary of a report, speech or academic paper |
| contraction | B | a word made by leaving out a letter or letters of a word or words |
| abracadabra | C | a word that you use while performing a major trick in order to make the trick work |
| citation | D | a phrase or sentence taken from a piece of writing or speech |
| E | a way of speaking a language that is used only in a particular area or by a particular group | |
| F | the words characters speak in a play, film or book |
3
| review | A | an article in which someone gives their opinion of a play, book, art exhibition |
| abbreviation | B | a short form of a word or phrase |
| thesis | C | a long piece of writing that is the final part of an advanced university degree |
| essay | D | a short piece of writing on a particular subject |
| E | a reason or set of reasons that you use for persuading other people to support your views, opinions | |
| F | one or more ideas that explain how and why something happens |
4
| ancestor | A | someone who is related to you who lived a long time ago |
| inhabitant | B | a person that lives in a particular place |
| immortal | C | someone who has been famous for a very long time |
| imposter | D | someone who pretends to be someone else in order to trick people |
| E | someone who helps another person do something illegal or wrong | |
| F | someone who is well educated and is interested in art, science, literature at an advanced level |
5
| decision | A | the process of making a choice after thinking carefully |
| revision | B | the process of changing, improving or making additions to a piece of writing |
| criticism | C | comments that show that you think something is wrong or bad |
| refugee | D | someone who leaves their country, especially during a war or other threatening events |
| E | the process of making a judgement or forming an opinion after considering something carefully | |
| F | something you consider likely to be true even though no one has told you directly or even though you have no proof |
6
| critique | A | a careful written examination of a subject that includes the writer’s opinions |
| immigrant | B | someone who comes to live in a country from another country |
| resident | C | someone who lives in a particular place |
| citizen | D | someone who has the right to live permanently in a particular country and has the right to legal and social benefits of that country as well as legal obligations towards it |
| E | someone who has been sent to a foreign country to teach people about Christianity and persuade them to become Christians | |
| F | a university teacher who has come from another university to teach for a period of time |
7
| sequence | A | a set of related things that happen or are arranged in a particular order |
| structure | B | the way in which parts of something are connected with each other and form a whole |
| sample | C | a small part or amount of something that is examined in order to find out something about the whole |
| system | D | a set of connected things or a group of related parts that work together as a whole for a particular purpose |
| E | a large amount or collection of something such as knowledge, information or work | |
| F | a careful written examination of a subject that includes the writer’s opinions |
8
| circumstances | A | the facts or conditions that affect a situation, action, event |
| series | B | several events or actions of a similar type that happen one after the other or follow one after another |
| memo | C | a short official note to another person in the same organization or company |
| issues | D | subjects or problems that people discuss or argue about, especially relating to society, politics etc |
| E | the effects of an action or event, especially bad effects that continue for some time | |
| F | the main ideas, facts or general points about something, but not the details |
9
| application | A | a formal, usually written, request for something such as a job, place at university, or permission to do something |
| points | B | ideas or opinions among a number of others, or facts that are parts of an argument or discussion |
| report | C | a spoken summary or written document that gives information about a particular subject, situation or event |
| minutes | D | an official written record of what is discussed and decided at a meeting |
| E | a letter that you send with documents or a package, that gives information about its contents | |
| F | an official statement giving information to the newspapers, television, or radio |
10
| flip chart | A | a set of large pieces of paper that are connected at the top so that you can turn the pages over to present information to people |
| flow chart | B | a drawing that uses shapes and lines to show how different stages on a process are connected to each other |
| scheme | C | a system for organizing or arranging information |
| schedule | D | a plan of activities or events and when they will happen |
| E | official instructions or advice about how to do something | |
| F | pictures or images that are designed to represent objects or facts, especially in a computer program |
11
| quality | A | a feature of a thing, substance, place, or something that is typical of one thing and makes it different from other things, for example size, colour, etc |
| quantity | B | the amount of something that can be counted or measured |
| context | C | the situation, information, or events that are related to something and that help you to understand it |
| conclusion | D | something you decide is true after thinking about it carefully and looking at all the evidence |
| E | a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group, or the act of making it | |
| F | the subject, ideas, or story that a piece of writing or a radio or television programme deal with |
12
| coincidence | A | a situation in which separate things happen by chance at the same time or in the same way |
| evidence | B | facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true |
| exaggeration | C | a comment or description that makes something seem better, worse, larger, more important etc than it really is |
| concession | D | something that you allow someone to have in order to end an argument or a disagreement |
| E | the gradual change and development of an idea, situation, or object | |
| F | a process in which different styles, ideas, designs etc combine to form something new |
13
| resilient | A | able to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event |
| eloquent | B | expressing what you mean using clear and effective language |
| outgoing | C | friendly and sociable |
| sensible | D | reasonable and practical |
| E | able to understand other people’s feelings and problems | |
| F | able to be trusted to do what you need or expect |
14
| senior | A | with a high rank or position |
| excessive | B | much more than is reasonable or necessary; much greater than is usual |
| executive | C | having the power to make important decisions in an organization or government |
| overwhelming | D | much larger, stronger, more important etc than anything else in a situation |
| E | not serious or sensible, especially in a way that is not suitable for a particular occasion | |
| F | very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly |
15
| lucrative | A | bringing a lot of money |
| exclusive | B | very expensive, and therefore available only to people who have a lot of money |
| bulky | C | too big to be carried or stored easily |
| expansive | D | very friendly, generous and willing to talk a lot |
| E | helping you to deal with a problem quickly and effectively although sometimes in a way that is not morally right | |
| F | forceful and determined, especially in a way that is offensive or annoying |
16
| coupon | A | a piece of paper that allows you to buy something at a reduced price or get something free | ||||||
| receipt | B | a piece of paper that you are given which shows that you have paid for something | ||||||
| voucher | C | an official piece of paper that you can use instead of money to buy a particular product or service | ||||||
| recipe | D | a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food | ||||||
| E | a written list showing how much you have to pay for services you have received, work that has been done | |||||||
| F | a list showing how much you have to pay
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