2015-04-01
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| Modal Verbs of Probability | ||
| must | He must be in the lab = very probable that he is in the lab | 95 % sure |
| could might | He could be in the lab/ He might be in the lab = possible, but less probable | 45 % sure |
| can’t | He can’t be in the lab = very probable that he is not in the lab | 95 % sure |
| Modal Verbs of Obligation | |||
| have to must should | I/you/we/they/he/she | must/mustn’t should/shouldn’t | work hard |
| I/you/we/they | have to don’t have to | ||
| he/she | has to doesn’t have to | ||
| do | I/ you/ we/they | have to work hard? | |
| does | he/she |
| Modal Verbs of Ability | can to be able to | I/you/we/they/he/she | can | fix this device |
| I | am able to | |||
| he/she | is able to | |||
| we/they/you | are able to |
| Modal Verbs | Present | Past | Future |
| Equivalent | |||
| can to be able to … | can am/is/are able to … | could was/were able to … | will be able to … |
| may to be allowed to … | may am/is/are allowed to… | might was/were allowed to... | ------- will be allowed to… |
| must/have to be to | must/have/has to … am/is/are to … | had to … was/were to … | will have to… |
1. Fill in the table.
| Noun | Verb | Adjective | Adverb | Translation | Transcription |
| powerful | |||||
| fusion | [′fju:Zqn], (n) | ||||
| join | соединять | ||||
| safe | |||||
| attach | |||||
| widespread | широко распространённый | [′waIdspred], (adj) | |||
| location | |||||
| stiff | |||||
| transformer | |||||
| currently | |||||
| extract | извлекать | ||||
| ductile | ковкий | [′dAktaIl], (adj) | |||
| corrosion | |||||
| resistant | |||||
| valuable | [′vxljuqbql] (adj) | ||||
| improve | |||||
| alloy | сплавлять |
Put in the missing words, using the words from the table above.
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1. The use of light isotopes in a … reactor has been under experimental study since the 1950s.
2. Many metals are malleable and ….
3. If left unchecked, … will eventually weaken the pipeline.
4. Nuclear power makes a … contribution to the environment by curbing carbon dioxide emissions.
5. To … each gram of water requires heating 2, 500 grams of regolith up to red heat.
6. The references and diagrams were … to the document.
7. Specialist image analysis equipment for light and electron microscope images also require interfacing with … computers.
8. Whether the technology ever will gain … use is uncertain.
9. … is a piece of equipment for changing electricity from one voltage to another.
10. Everyone is being encouraged to … energy.
Match the words with the opposite meaning.
| 1. to join 2. safe 3. soft 4. inside 5. small 6. present 7. functional | a. stiff b. tremendous c. ancient d. to divide e. outside f. decorative g. dangerous |
4. Divide the words into four columns according to their part of speech (verb, noun, adjective, adverb).
workpiece, electric, powerful, transformer, melt, dangerous, continuously, join, safety, quickly, soften, fusion, essential, dry, investment, currently, property, investigate.
