Northern Ireland. Derry was the first ever planned city in Ireland

Derry was the first ever planned city in Ireland. Work began on building the new city across the River Foyle from the ancient town of Derry in 1613. The walls were completed five years later in 1618. The central diamond within a walled city with four gates was a good design for defense. In 1963 according to the Matthew Plan the new city of Craigavon was founded out of the original towns of Portadown and Lurgan. This town today lies mostly incomplete because the troubles halted construction.

Republic of Ireland

In the Republic of Ireland the term "new town" is referred to planned towns built after World War II. The term "new town" in Ireland was also used for some earlier developments.

In 1961 the first new town of Shannon was commenced and a target of 6,000 inhabitants was set. Shannon is an important economic centre (with the Shannon Free Zone and Shannon International Airport).

The most recent new town in Ireland is Adamstown in County Dublin.

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16.1 Ответьте на вопросы?

1. What happened in 1613?

2. When was the new city of Craigavon founded?

3. What was the term “new town” used for?

16.2 Переведите слова и выражения в скобках:

1. (Стены) were completed (5 лет спустя) in 1618.

2. This town lies (незавершенный) because the troubles (прекратили) construction.

3. The term (“новый город”) in Ireland was also used for (более ранних) developments.

Text 17

D. Italy

In the past centuries several new towns have been planned in Italy. One of the most famous is Pienza, close to Siena, a Renaissance city. Between 1459 and 1462 the most famous architects of Italy worked there for the Pope Pius II and built the city centre of the small town.

Another example of renaissance planned cities is the walled star city of Palmanova.

In early 20th century, during the fascist government of Benito Mussolini, many new cities were founded. The most prominent was Littoria. The city was inaugurated on December 18, 1932. Littoria was populated with immigrants from Northern Italy.

The great Sicilian earthquake of 1693 forced the complete rebuilding on new plans of many towns.

Other well known new cities are located close to Milan in the metropolitan area. In the 1970s in the eastern metropolitan area of Milan a new city was built by Silvio Berlusconi. It is called Milano Due.

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17.1 Ответьте на вопросы?

1. What is one of the famous cities?

2. What can you say about Littoria?

3. What did the Sicilian earthquake of 1693 force?

Список использованной литературы

1. Долинская Л.Д., Киткова Н.Г. Человек и земля. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1994. – 119с.

2. A.Goltsblat A guide to land transactions in Russia.M.2007, 100p.