Причины аллергии – аллергены

Types of allergens. Exogenous and endogenous allergens.

3. Classification of allergic reactions

Stages of allergy (Immunologic stage, Pathochemical stage, Pathophysiological stage)

Etiology and pathogenesis of Anaphylactic (I) type of allergy. The nature of allergen and antibody. Mediators of the anaphylactic reaction. Clinical examples of the IgE-medited diseases. Systemic and local anaphylaxis.

Etiology and pathogenesis of Type II hypersensitivity. The nature of allergen and antibody. Mechanisms and clinical examples of type II allergies. Complement-dependent reactions and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Etiology and pathogenesis of Type III hypersensitivity. The nature of allergen and antibody. Mechanisms and clinical examples of type III allergies. Systemic and local immune complex disease.

Etiology and pathogenesis of Type IV hypersensitivity. The nature of allergen and antibody.

Principles of diagnostics and therapy of allergic diseases. Desensitization and nonspecific approach in the treatment of anaphylactic diseases.

Methods of teaching

Discussion the major issues under the supervision of a teacher, discussion pathogenetic schemes., watching videos

6.6.13. THE LIST OF LITERATURE:

The basic

1. Lectures, handouts.

2. Pathologic basis of disease. Diseases of immunity. V.Kumar, A.K. Abbas, S.N. Fausto, 8th edition, 2010,

3. Basic Pathology. Diseases of immunity Vinay Kumar, Ramsi S. Cotran, Stanley L. Robbins. 9^th edition, 2013..

Additional

4. Textbook of pathology. Immunopathology. Harsh Mohan 4rd edition, Delhi, 2004

Methods of control

Oral questioning, checking pathogenetic schemes, testing

The approximate timing of classes

№	Steps of the class	Time (min)
	Organizational part. Roll Call, reading the goals and objectives of the class, distribution of demonstration material
	Discussion the questions 1-5,
	Watching videofilm Pathogenesis of anaphylactic shock with discussion
	Discussion the questions 6-9
	Test
	Summarizing the classroom work, assessment of competencies

Practical work

The task № 1.

Videofilm “Anaphylactic shock”.

Glossary

Allergy - is immune organism reaction accompanied by tissue damage. The causes of allergy are allergens.

Аллергия – иммунная реакция, сопровождающаяся повреждением собственных тканей организма (В.И. Пыцкий).

Причины аллергии – аллергены.

Аллергия – организмнің өз тіндерінің зақымдануымен қабаттасатын иммундық әсерленістер (В.И. Пыцкий)

Аллергияның себептері – аллергендер.

Classification of allergens

Exogenous allergens (household, alimentary, drugs, allergens, derived from animals, plants, microbial, fungi

Endogenous- autoallergens:

Primary (Normal tissue proteins, which didn’t have a contact with lymphocytes during embrigenesis). Organism doesn’t have immune tolerance for these proteins.

Secondary or acquired – are proteins, with changed structure due to pathogenic factors Классификация аллергенов (по А.Д. Адо):

Экзоаллергены: бытовые, пищевые, лекарственные, животного происхождения, растительные, промышленные, микробные, грибковые

Эндоаллергены:

первичные (естественные) – нормальные белки, которые не имели контакта с лимфоцитами в процессе эмбрионального развития, для них нет иммунологической толерантности

вторичные (приобретенные)- белки, изменившие структуру под действием повреждающих факторов

Аллергендердің жіктелуі (по А.Д. Адо):

Экзоаллергендер: тұрмыстық, тағамдық, дәрі-дәрмектік, жануар тектес, өсімдік тектес, өндірістік, микробтар, саңырауқұлақтар

Эндоаллергендер: біріншілік (табиғи), екіншілік (жүре пайда болған)