2015-08-21
407
GLOBAL ISSUES
GLOBAL ISSUES
Vocabulary
A. Active Vocabulary
Nouns and Noun Phrases
| approach | /q'prqVC/ | приближение, подход |
| consequence | /'kPnsIkwqns/ | следствие, последствие |
| decline | /dI'klaIn/ | падение, упадок |
| destruction | /dI'strAkSn/ | уничтожение, разрушение |
| disaster | /dI'za:stq(r)/ | бедствие |
| disease | /dI'zJzJz/ | болезнь |
| diversity | /daI'vE:sqti/ | различие, разнообразие |
| exhaust | /Ig'zO:st/ | выхлоп, выпуск |
| fume | /fju:m/ | дым, копоть |
| impact | /'Impxkt/ | столкновение, воздействие |
| litter | /'lItq(r)/ | сор, отбросы |
| poison | /'pOIzn/ | яд, отрава |
| release | /rI'lI:s/ | освобождение, выпуск |
| threat | /Tret/ | угроза |
| waste | /weIst/ | отходы, мусор |
Verbs and Verbal Phrases
| affect | /q'fekt/ | воздействовать, влиять |
| be aware of | /q'weq(r)/ | сознавать, знать |
| cause | /kO:z/ | вызывать |
| contaminate | /kqn'txmIneIt/ | загрязнять |
| deplete | /dI'pli:t/ | истощать |
| devastate | /'devvqsteIt/ | опустошать |
| dump | /dAmp/ | выбрасывать на свалку |
| implement | /'ImplIment/ | выполнять, осуществлять |
| inhabit | /In'hxbIt/ | жить, населять |
| preserve | /prI'zE:v/ | сохранять |
| recycle | /"ri:'saIkl/ | перерабатывать |
Adjectives
| entire | /In'taIq(r)/ | целый, полный, цельный |
| extinct | /Ik'stINkt/ | потухший, вымерший |
| harmful | /ha:mfl/ | вредный |
| hazardous | /'hxzqdqs/ | рискованный, опасный |
| severe | /sI'vIq(r)/ | суровый |
| sustainable | /sq'steInqbl/ | устойчивый |
| urban | /'E:bqn/ | городской |
B. Passive Vocabulary
| acid | /xsId/ | кислота |
| assistance | /q'sIstqns/ | помощь |
| brink on the brink of | /rink/ | край на грани, на краю |
| burden | /bE:dn/ | груз, бремя |
| carbon dioxide | /'ka:bqndaI'PksaId/ | двуокись углерода |
| destiny | /'destqni/ | судьба, удел |
| expense at the expense of | /Ik'spens/ | трата, расход ценою… |
| fall out | /'fO:laVt/ | выпадение радиоактивных осадков |
| fauna | /'fO:nq/ | фауна |
| flora | /'flO:rq/ | флора |
| garbage | /ga:bIdZ/ | (кухонные) отбросы, мусор |
| survey | /'sE:veI/ | обозрение, осмотр |
| to counteract | /"kaVntqr'xkt/ | противодействовать |
| to endanger | /In'deIndZq(r)/ | подвергать опасности |
| to extinguish | /ik'stINgwIS/ | тушить, уничтожать |
| to proclaim | /prq'kleIm/ | провозглашать, объявлять |
| to remove | /ri'mu:v/ | передвигать, перемещать |
| treatment | /'tri:tmqnt/ | обращение; обработка; лечение |
I. Oral Practice Section
Look through the following quotations and proverbs and try to outline the problems to be discussed.
1. We’re not passengers on Spaceship Earth: we’re the crew. We’re not residents; we’re citizens. The difference, in both cases, is responsibility.— Rusty Schweickart, (Apollo astronaut).
2. Earth provides enough to satisfy everyone's need, but not enough to satisfy everyone's greed.— Mahatma Gandhi, (pacifist and founding father of modern India, 1869-1948).
3. We have a special responsibility to the ecosystem of this planet. In making sure that other species survive, we will be ensuring the survival of our own…— Wangari Maathai, (2004 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate and founder of the Kenyan Green Belt Movement).
4. In nature there are neither rewards nor punishment – there are consequences. —Robert G. Ingersoll.
5. As a man sows, so shall he reap. It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest.
2. Work in pairs. You’ve got some information about a number of general problems of our society. Speak of them to your partner. Replace the underlined words by the synonyms given in the box.
Once a year, the Earth has its day. Nowadays, the Earth Day is celebrated in many countries. The first Earth Day was held on April, 22, 1970 when millions of people gathered in parks and paraded down city streets throughout the United States. They wanted to emphasize one very important thing: taking care of the Earth, preserving its beauty is everybody's business.
It's true that some very general problems of present society are: different ways of destruction of nature as consequences of human development. They affect living, economy, working and environment. They are changing cities of all sizes as well as rural areas. Recent results from science show that success is only possible when an integrated approach is undertaken. For this goal, citizens, companies, politicians and governments should work together. Thus, coalitions between economy and environmentalists must be very close in order to overcome economic and ecological problems.
The necessity of such approach became evident in the XX century.
Many species of flora and fauna have been written down into the «Red Book» of Nature as they are on the brink of extinction. People's industrial activity changed the life to the better but at the expense of the natural resources and nature itself.
Now people are aware of the ecological problems such as the change of climate, acid rains, deforestation of the Earth, depletion of the ozone layer and many others.
| ruin, common, on the verge, united, influence, looking after, keeping, realize, the union, concern, marched, point out |
