Use the Present Perfect to talk about a past experience for the first time

We've been to Florida... But when we give more information, use the Past Simple. We went to Miami two years ago.

-ing form as noun

We sometimes use the -ing form of a verb as the subject of a sentence.

Parking is really difficult in Madrid. Use singular verbs with -ing verb subjects.

Flying is expensive.

INFINITIVE	PAST SIMPLE	PAST PARTICIPLE
play arrive	played arrived	played arrived

But there are a lot of irregular past participles. Some of them are the same as the Past Simple form.

INFINITIVE	PAST SIMPLE	PAST PARTICIPLE
buy have	bought had	bought had

But many of them are different from the Past Simple form. INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE see take saw took seen taken

Note that the past participle been is the past participle of both be and go.

It's a nice day. -> It's been a nice day.

I go shopping on Saturdays. I haven't been shopping this week.

Use the Present Perfect to talk about actions in the past when:

• we are talking about any time up to now: Have you ever been to Cuba?

• we don't say a definite time: We've met the President.

• it is still possible to do/repeat an action (because the time is still continuing): Keith has written four books. (He can write another book, because he is still alive.)

We often use the Present Perfect with ever/never to talk about experiences at any time up to and including the present. Have you ever been to Rome? No, I've never been to Italy.

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Key vocabulary

Types of holiday

Activity holiday beach holiday cultural holiday sightseeing holiday water sports holiday winter sports holiday

Travel

commuting departure journey one-way/return ticket passenger Railway:

train platform station underground (metro) Flying:

Airport flight

long-haul flight direct flight economy class/business class Car:

drive garage park traffic Other:

Cycling rollerblading

Hotels

Rooms:

single double twin suite Facilities:

Reception restaurant shops beauty salon gym sauna swimming pool tennis golf V

10 Review and practice

1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.