2018-03-09
757
| ДорогойБорис! Я нахожусь в больнице. У меня было воспаление легких (pneumonia). В течении недели у меня была высокая температура. Врачи назначали мне уколы. Теперь я чувствую себя лучше. Здесь много хороших врачей и сестер. Наша лучшая палатная сестра – Нина Иванова. Все ее очень уважают. Она очень внимательна (attentive) к своим больным. Наши врачи говорят: «Когда Нина на работе, мы знаем, что все будет в порядке». Я надеюсь (hope), что вернусь очень скоро(soon). До свидания, твой Игорь. |
EX.6.TEXT: HOW TO TAKE THE PULSE
A nurse looks after her patient in the daytime oral night and can see any changes in the patient's condition. Many of the changes are very important. The nurse must be careful when she takes the patient’s pulse. It is not difficult to take the pulse. Put three fingers of the left hand over the radial artery. Many patients are nervous when they see a nurse or a doctor and the patient's pulse is faster.
That’s why the nurse must wait a few seconds before she begins to count the pulse. If the nurse sees any changes in the beating of the pulse she must immediately tell the doctor. Changes in the pulse are very important.
REMEMBER: When you take the pulse you must note:
1. if it is deep or shallow ['ʃǽlou]
2. the rate
3. the strength of the beating
EX.7.HOME READING. READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXTS.
TEXT:The duties of the nurse in therapeutic department
The duties of the nurse include: accompanying the patient to the office, filling in the registration paperwork, examination and cleansing of the patient, transportation to a hospital department. The nurse explains to the scheduled patients what they can take to the ward: toilet articles, slippers, a gown.
The duties of the ward nurse include also: doing doctor’s round together with the attending doctor, observing the patient’s condition, measuring temperature chart, distribution of drugs, preparing patients for investigations, sending blood and other samples for tests, control of test results, keeping medical records, care of bedridden and grave patients together with junior personnel, control of compliance with sanitary requirements.
The List of Nursing Skills:
1. Evaluating hygienic and sanitary conditions of wards;
2. Changing underwear and bedclothes;
3. Cleansing patients;
4. Using bed-pans, urinals; disinfecting them;
5. Watching the appearance and general condition of a patient;
6. Feeling the pulse on the radial artery, determining its character;
7. Counting the number of respirations per minute. Giving aid in breathlessness;
8. Giving first aid to patients suffering from cough. Taking sputum for analysis;
9. Feeding severely ill patients;
10. Transporting severely ill patients;
11. The rules of keeping drugs. Giving drugs to patients;
12. Estimation of antibiotic dose, dilution of antibiotics;
13. Application of an ice pack on the patients;
14. Using different forms of oxygen therapy;
15. Introducing a soft catheter into the urinary bladder;
16. Administering cleansing, retention, flush and medical enemas. Introducing a flatus tube;
17. Measuring body temperature and registering the results. Nursing patients with fever;
18. Anthropometric measurement;
19. Taking blood pressure and feeling the pulse. Recording the received data;
20. Taking sputum for analysis;
21. Applying a tourniquet on the arm;
22. Cleansing the stomach using a thick elastic tube. Performing gastric intubation using a thin elastic tube. Making fractional analysis of gastric juice;
23. Performing duodenal intubation;
24. Giving first aid in nasal bleeding, blood spitting and pneumorrhagia;
25. Giving first aid in gastro-intestinal bleeding;
26. Giving first aid in cardiac pains;
27. Making artificial lung ventilation and closed-chest cardiac massage.
AT THE RECEPTION DEPARTMENT
· Transportation of patients from the ambulance car to the reception department
· Medical records, filling out the front page of case history
· Entering the patients into the register
· Anthropometry
· Examination of hair and skin integuments
· Sanitary cleansing of patients (trimming the hair and nails, a bath, shower or wiping)
· Entering the temperature in the register
· Storage and use of thermometers
· Filling out temperature sheets
· Catheterization of the bladder
· Transportation of patients from the reception department to the inpatient department
·
IN THE WARD
· Familiarization with the layout, organization of work, and regimen of medical care institutions
· Familiarization with the medical records, rules of admitting and discharging patients
· Wet cleaning of wards
· Control of the sanitary condition of bedside tables
· Airing the wards
· Control of food brought by visitors
· Disinfection and storage of spittoons
· Transportation of patients with a drip stand or drain
· Making the bed
· Change of linen and bed clothes
· Placing the rubber ring or bedpan
· Transportation and relaying of patients
· Administering mustard plasters and cupping glasses
· Feeding of the patient. Notion of diet therapy. Nutrition regimen
· Feeding grave and bedridden patients
UNIT 20
ТЕМА20: ПЕРВАЯ ПОМОЩЬ
EX.1. LEARN THE WORDS «FIRST AID»
1. firstaidперваяпомощь
2. tosave спасать
3. injured пострадавший
4. method метод
5. accident несчастный случай
6. calm спокойный
7. toact действовать, поступок
8. panic паника
9. tomean значить, подразумевать
10. soulдуша
EX.2 READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT «FIRST AID»
TEXT: FIRST AID
First Aid
Everybody must know how to give the first aid. The first aid saves many lives. The first aid is the help which you give to an injured person. You must know different methods of helping in accidents. When you give the first aid you must be calm and act without panic. Remember: «SOS» means «Save our souls».
Bruise
| When you fall on your knee you get a bruise on it. The bruised place looks red and swellen at first. If there is a scratch on your knee put iodine on it. If your knee hurts you very much, take some cloth, wet it in cold water and put it on the bruise. It will relieve the pain. If the bruise was very bad you must consult a doctor. |
Bleeding
| When the blood flows from an artery it is scarlet. When the blood flows from a vein it is dark red. Stop the bleeding as soon as possible. The simple method is to put clean cloth over the wound and bandage it tightly. If the bleeding is from an arm or leg raise the limb. If a person has nosebleed after a bad bruise you must put a cold compress on the nose. The person must breath through his mouth. In severe cases doctors make blood transfusions. |
Fractures
| The word fracture means a break in a bone. There are two kinds of fractures: closed and open. In a closed fracture there is no wound on the skin. In an open fracture there is a wound. Open fraсtures are more serious than closed ones. If a person breaks his arm or the leg he complains of pain in the place of the break. The pain becomes more severe if he presses the place or tries to move. Swelling appears quickly. Do not let the person move. Use a splint for the brocken limb. Bind the splints to the limb but not at the place of fracture. Doctors use X –rays to see the break and put plaster casts on the broken limbs. |
Fainting
| The cause of fainting may be different^ strong emotion, want of food, fatigue or pain/ In fainting a person loses consciousness. Blood does not get to the brain. The face of a person before fainting gets very pale and sweat appears on his forehead. He feels dizzy and weak. His breathing is shallow. His pulse is weak and slow. If you help a person who lost his consciousness: 1. Lay the person flat on his back. 2. Raise his feet a little. 3.Loose his dress. 4. Cover him warmly and open the window. 5. Sprinkle cold water on his face. 6. Give the person to breath in ammonia water. |
Shock
| Shock is dangerous. Loss of blood can cause shock. Severe pain or strong emotion can cause shock too. The face of a person in shock is usually pale and the skin is cold. Breathing is rapid and shallow. The pulse is rapid. If you help a person who is in shock: 1. Lay him flat on his back. 2. Raise his feet little. 3.Cover him with blankets to keep him warm. 4.Give him a warm drink. 5. Keep him quiet. |
Poisoning
| The first aid for poisoning is to empty the stomach. Do it as soon as possible. Give much water to drink – 4-8 glasses. Some poisons cause shock, others – asphyxia. In every case the patient needs prompt medical care. |
Sunstroke
| It is very dangerous to fall asleep in the open air when the sun is hot or to be in the hot sun for a long time without a hat. You may get a sunstroke. When a person has a sunstroke, he has a high temperature. His skin is very hot, dry and red. He has a bad headache and can even lose consciousness. If you help a person who has a sunstroke: 1. Take the patient into a cool and shady place. 2. Put him on his back. 3. Raise his head and shoulders a little. 4. Put cold cloth on his head. 5. Cool his body with cold water. 6. Rub his skin with a sponge to keep up blood circulation. |
UNIT 21
