Access to Higher Education in Russia

Baxter Slate

Baxter Slate is a police officer. He is 23 years old. He was born in California. Now Baxter works at the Los Angeles Police Department. He is a patrol officer. His duty is to make uniform patrol in the district and to help detectives with their follow-up investigations. Sometimes Baxter works on the daywatch and other times on the nightwatch. Baxter likes to do police work. He wants to become a captain so he takes police sciences classes at night school twice a week.

Baxter is married. His wife Clara is 2 years younger than her husband. She is a college graduate but she does not work at present. Clara looks after her children, a boy of 3 and a girl of 4, 5. Clara thinks that in future she will get a job and work as an economist.

When Baxter finishes his tour of duty, he returns home where he helps his wife, plays with his children and has a rest. If he is not busy with his studies, he usually watches TV, reads newspapers and magazines. On his days off Baxter and his wife often go to the cinema or visit their parents.

Tasks to the text.

I.Find the Russian equivalents for the following expressions from the text.

Learn the words:

 Police Department; patrol officer; to make uniform patrol; follow-up investigations; on the daywatch/nightwatch; to become a captain; to take police sciences classes; college graduate; at present; in future; to get a job; to work as a lawyer / investigator; to be busy with smth.; on days off;

II.Think of your own sentences with the given expressions.

III.Answer the questions:

1. What is Baxter’s duty?

2. How often does he go to night school?

3. Is he married?

4. What does he usually do in the evening? 

 

Lesson 2. HIGHER EDUCATION

1. Read the text:

Oxford University

Oxford is a beautiful town on the River Thames about fifty miles from London. Some people say it is more beautiful than any other city in England.

Oxford University was founded in the 12th century as an aris­tocratic university and has remained so to the present day. The Uni­versity consists of 32 colleges — 27 colleges for men and 5 colleges for women. There are 16 faculties there. Each college is a completely autonomous body, governed by its own laws. A large college has about 500 students, a small one — about a hundred. Several colleges say they are the oldest, but no other college is as old as Merton, which began in 1264.

The term of studies lasts for 10 weeks. There are 3 terms in the Oxford academic year.

Within the first week, the freshman meets his tutor who tells the student about his plans, the lectures, which he must take, about the requirements for the examination which he will take, about the course of reading for him. Attendance at lectures is not compulsory. Once every week each undergraduate goes to his tutor's room to read out an essay, which he has written, and discuss this essay with the tutor.

At the beginning or end of each term, the progress of the students is tested by the college examinations. They pay great attention to athletics at the University. The students are engaged in the different kinds of sports, take part in competitions between Oxford and Cambridge Universities.

  This is how a student spends his day. His working hours are from nine to 1. At 9 o’clock, he sees his tutor or goes to the library, attends lectures. From 2 to 5 he is engaged in sports and all kinds of exercise. From 5 to 7 he works in the library or laboratory.

 At 7 o’clock, they have dinner-time. After dinner the students have club activities, debating societies, etc.By 10 o'clock the student must be in the college, as most оf students live in the colleges, only some of them live in lodgings in the town.

The doors of Oxford University are not open to all. The majority of the students are graduates of private schools, so Oxford University remains an aristocratic university to the present day.

Tasks to the text.

1. Think of your own sentences using the given expressions:

1. freshman- студент первокурсник.

2. college — высшее учебное заведение, в котором учатся 3 года

и получают спец. образование (техническо гуманитарное, медицинское и др.). Колледж может существовать как самостоятельная единица также может входить в состав

университета university — это вуз, сост. из колледжей различных специальнос­тей (срок обучения 3 года). Выпускник университе­та получает степень бакалавра (e.g. the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Medicine, Engineering etc.)

Institute — это, как правило, научно-исследовательское учреж­дение

3.tutor — в английских университетах — это преподаватель, ведущий практические занятия в группе; он следит за учебой и дисциплиной студентов.

4. within the first week — в течение (не позднее) первой недели

5. attendance at lectures is not compulsory — присутствие_е (посещение) лекций необязательно

6. to live in lodgings — снимать комнату

7. the progress of the students is tested by the college examina­tions — успехи студентов проверяются экзаменами в колледже

8. a debating society — дискуссионный клуб

9. to take club activities- участвовать в работе кружка

II.Retell the text with the help of the key words you have written out.

III. Active Vocabulary:

Law enforcement professional education;

Law enforcement experts of great practical experience;

 a graduate; to graduate from;

Work as investigators;

divisional inspectors the State Auto Inspection Department;

Other militia services; refreshment courses;

To enter the college; to pass the entrance examinations;

An applicant; conditions for getting a good education;

To do one’s best; professional specialization; to provide education;

Specially equipped laboratories; libraries; proper trainig; the term of training; diploma of a lawyer; lieutenants of militia; tutorials; to get knowledge of…;

Operative Detective Activity;

Administrative Law; Criminalistics;

to be engaged in; to have scientific societies; various clubs;

to patrol the streets; to maintain public order;

IV. Make the report about your college using the words from the active vocabulary.

Read the text.

ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

Reforms implemented in 1991 (diversification of Higher Education; humanization; decentralization of management, University autonomy; creation of A non-public (private) sector of Higher Education) allowed for changes in Higher Education including the establishment of a multi-level structure that would meet international standards and mach the country's human resource needs.

Public and private higher education institutions provide Higher Education in Russia. Education in public Higher Education Institutions is free of charge. The Russian Government guarantees open and free access to Higher Education on competitive basis.

Higher education in RUSSIA is under the jurisdiction of the Russian Ministry of Education, which is responsible for THE accreditation of Higher Education Institutions and for THE development and MAINTENANCE OF State Educational standards.

Nowadays Higher Education in the Russian Federation IS COMPRISED OF 552 higher education institutions, not including military institutions. Some 2.6 million students were enrolled in higher education institutions in 1996 with a teaching staff of over 220,000 professors at university-level institutions.

The government of the Russian Federation has stipulated three levels of study:

- Level I generally TAKES 2 years to study for a Bakalavr 's or Specialist 's intermediate diploma. This level concentrates on compulsory fundamental courses in the given disciplines. Students holding a Level I qualification may either continue their studies or, if they CHOOSE TO, leave the institution with an intermediate diploma.

- Level II marks the continuation of studies for additional two years leading to a Bakalavr' s degree. Consequently, this first academic degree entails four years of study.

- Level III represents an educational level common to both the Magistr 's Diploma and the Specialist 's Diploma.

There are two levels of doctoral scientific degrees: Kandidat Nauk Degree (the first level) and Doktor Nauk Degree (the second, highest level).