2020-10-10
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Два важнейших навыка, которые необходимо развивать в процессе обучения переводу с листа: 1) понимать и интерпретировать текст на исходном языке (reading & interpreting skills); 2) продуцировать устный дискурс на переводящем языке в соответствии с нормами данного языка (speech production skills).
Workers must take lunch breaks
A new study shows that too many people are working through their lunch hour. Not taking a proper lunch break is unhealthy. It can make people sick, so then they need time off work. The study is from the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) in the U.K. It interviewed over 2,000 people about what they do for lunch at work. Twenty per cent of the workers said they did not take a lunch break. They worked through their lunch hour. Half of the people took a break but ate their lunch at their desk and surfed the Internet, answered e-mails or went on Facebook. One in five people left the workplace for lunch to go shopping or get some air, while three per cent went to the gym.
The CSP told companies they should encourage all staff to take a regular lunch break. It said workers needed to get more exercise at work so they do not get ill. CSP spokeswoman Karen Middleton said: "Full-time workers spend a significant bulk of their week at work or travelling to and from it. Finding ways to build in time to do at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity, five times a week, can be a challenge." She warned that when employees get sick because they do not take breaks, companies lose money. She said: "It is in everybody's interests to find ways to tackle the enormous problem of inactivity…and we would encourage people to take responsibility for their own health."
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Koalas hug trees to stay cool
Scientists have unlocked one of the secrets as to how koalas stay cool and avoid dehydration in the intense heat of Australian summers. They hug trees. For decades people thought the cuddly marsupials clung to trees simply because they were tired and wanted somewhere to nap. Researchers from Melbourne University have now cast new light on the tree-hugging habits of the koala. Lead researcher Natalie Briscoe said there is a five-degree difference in temperature between a tree trunk and the air. Koalas utilize the cooler surface by spreading themselves out on large branches or by hugging the trunk. Ms Briscoe said: "Access to these trees can save about half the water a koala would need to keep cool on a hot day."
Briscoe studied the behaviour of 37 koalas on an island off the Melbourne coast. She is part of a team trying to identify how koalas might survive higher temperatures brought by global warming. Her observations and conclusions regarding the cooling effects of the trees came as a surprise to her. She noted that the koalas sat upright in cooler weather, hugged branches when it became warmer, and then wrapped themselves around the tree trunk when it got hot. The animals even moved to different trees that had cooler trunks. She said the trees are probably cooler because of the water they suck up from the ground. The koala's cooling technique could be one way for humans to survive increasingly hot summers.
