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From the earliest times people used many methods of conveying messages (передавать сообщения) as quickly and as efficiently (efficient - эффективный) as possible

In American history the so-called "pony express" was one of the most heroic adventures (приключений). The discovery (открытие) of gold in California made it necessary to give important messages. The stage coaches (дилижанс) which regularly carried mail (почта) required months to reach California The pony express carried messages. It was a group of 80 young men of 18 years of age. These courageous (courage - храбрость) men carried mail in relays (сменяя друг друга). They used five hundred of the finest horses available (имевшихся в наличии). At each of the 190 stations along the route a fresh rider (to ride - ехать вер­хом) was ready. The management (to manage - управлять) kept men under very strict (строгий) rules. Every rider was given a Bible and was not allowed to drink or swear (ругаться). The pony express had a remarkable (to remark - замечать) career. To deliver mail the riders had to overcome (преодолевать) great physical danger On April 3, 1860 the first rider started from Missouri and ten days later the message arrived in California which was two thousand miles away. A huge celebration (to celebrate - праздновать) was held in honour of this magnificent (magnificence - великолепие) achievement. But the pony express had a short life of 16 months only.

In 1861 the completion (to complete - завершать) of the first transcontinental telegraph line marked the end of the pony express.

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