Heart and the lungs. The bones of the trunk include the spinal column, the ribs and the breastbone

The arms join the body at the shoulder, and the shoulder itself consists of two bones - the collar-bone in front, and the shoulder-blade behind. Between the shoulder and the elbow there is only one bone in the arm, but between the elbow and the wrist there are two. In the wrist there are eight small bones. They are bound (связаны) together, but their large number allows the wrist to bend freely. Next come the bones of the hand itself. In the body or palm of the hand there are five long bones - one for each finger and one for the thumb. Each of the fingers has three bones, and the thumb has two. Thus we have twenty-seven bones in the framework of the hand and wrist alone.

Lesson 1 О 49

Упражнение 13. 1) Прочтите и переведите текст А. Абзац 5 переведите письменно. 2) Найдите в тексте А ответы, на следующие вопросы и

зачитайте их. / «

■ ■ \»

L_ 'у Л У О'

1. Is the backbone the most important part of the body? 2. What classes do the naturalists divide all the animals into? 3. What does the skull include? 4. The bones of the trunk include the spinal column, the ribs and the breastbone, don't they? 5. How does the wrist work?

3) Составьте письменно план текста А. Упражнение 14. Подберите к латинским словам английские эквиваленты.

Упражнение 15. Подберите пары синонимов.

vertebral column, injury, cage, damage, harm, box, backbone

Упражнение 16. Подберите пары антонимов.

to include, inside, immovable, in front of, lower, behind, inverte­brate, to exclude, movable, vertebrate, outside, upper, higher

Упражнение 17. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите, какими частями речи являются выделенные слова.

1. The form of the skull depends upon the form of the bones. The

bones form the framework of the body. 2. The number of the bones in

the hand and wrist alone is 27. The bones in the human skeleton number

223. There is a number of movable bones in the skull. 3. The face is the

ventral part of the skull. Medicine faces many problems. 4. A separate

bone in the vertebral column is called (называется) a vertebra. Verte-

brae separate the spinal canal. ^r у • 5 I

'■■— Упражнение 18. Измените следующие предложения согласно образцу. Переведите их на русский язык.

Образец: We have special atlases on anatomy in our library.

There are special atlases on anatomy in our library. 1. We have 27 bones in the framework of the hand and wrist alone. 2. Each hand has four fingers and one thumb. 3. We have no special names for ulna and radius in the modern English language.

50 ^ Learning to Understand a Medical Text

Упражнение 19. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на оборот there is.

There is the skull at the upper end of the backbone. 2. There are many illustrated books on Human Anatomy. 3. There are three bones in each finger. 4. There is no backbone in invertebrate animals. 5. There are special hospitals for children in every town.