Глагол - to be -

Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем времени:

Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Future Indefinite
Affirmative (утвердительное)
I You He She It We You They	am are is is is are are are	I You He She It We You They	was were was was was were were were	I You He She It We You They	shall be will be will be will be will be shall be will be will be
Interrogative (вопросительное)
Am Are Is Is Is Are Are Are	I? you? he? she? it? we? you? they?	Was Were Was Was Was Were Were Were	I? you? he? she? it? we? you? they?	Shall Will Will Will Will Shall Will Will	I be? you be? he be? she be? it be? we be? you be? they be?
Negative (отрицательное)
I am not (I’m not). He (she, it) is not (isn’t). We (you, they) are not (aren’t).	I was not (wasn’t). He (she, it) was not (wasn’t). We (you, they) were not (weren’t).	I (we) shall not (shan’t) be. He (she, it, you, they) will not (won’t) be.

Запомните! Глагол «to be» переводится: быть, находиться, быть в состоянии, располагаться.

Функции глаголов to be.

Глагол to be может быть в предложении:

а) смысловым глаголом (т.е. переводится, имеет значение: есть, является).

Например:

London is the capital of Great Britain.

Лондон – столица Великобритании

(есть, является столицей).

He wasn’t at school yesterday.

Он вчера не был в школе.

В этих случаях определителем того, что это смысловой глагол, служат артикли или предлоги, стоящие перед именем существительным, выполняющим функцию именной части сказуемого с глаголом to be или обстоятельства;

б) вспомогательным глаголом для образования длительных времен (Continuous Tenses) и страдательного залога (Passive Voice).

Например:

He is watching an interesting film.

The letter was written by him yesterday.

в) модальным глаголом, после которого глагол употребляется с частицей to. Эта форма используется для выражения заранее запланированного или условленного действия (должен, намерен что-либо сделать по плану, по расписанию, по договоренности).

Например:

He is to come in time.

Он должен прийти вовремя.

Exercises

Exercise 1. Put the verb “to be” into the Present Simple Tense.

1. He … a student. He … a good student.

2. His father … a doctor.

3. My mother … not a teacher.

4. They … at home now.

5. … they at school? – No, they … not at school.

6. … your father a pilot? – Yes, he ….

7. Nick … not a student. He … a pupil. He … at school now.