2015-05-26
371
Упр. 1. Прочитайте вслух следующие слова, обращая внимание на чтение суффикса -tion (-sion)
constitution, organization, protection, convention, federation, nation, situation adoption, definition, decision.
Упр. 2. Подберите русские эквиваленты данных интерна-циональных слов
basic, organ, organization, principle, to formulate, personal, act, assembly, common, convention, preamble, federal, national, individual, structure, army.
Упр. 3. Перепишите, переведите на русский язык и запомните следующие слова
act, activity, amendment, article, basic, bill, to belong, certain, to change, citizen, common, to decide, to define, duty, to establish, etc, executive, freedom, judge, legislative, liberty, life, new, to obey, to pass, past, to pay, to protect, to serve, such, tax, thing, usual, to write.
Упр. 4. Прочитайте текст и расскажите об особенностях английской и американской конституций.
ТЕКСТ 4
THE CONSTITUTIONS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA
A constitution is the basic law of a state. This document defines the system of power (legislative, executive, judicial), the principles of its organization and activity. A constitution also formulates the citizens' basic rights such as the right to life, personal liberty, freedom of assembly, the right to the protection of the law, etc. Under the constitution the citizens also have certain duties to the state such as to obey laws, to serve in the army, to pay taxes and many more.
Great Britain has an unusual constitution. It is unwritten and consists of:
a) the laws passed in Parliament (Acts of Parliament);
b) Common Law – decisions made by judges in the past;
c) unwritten conventions.
All these things can be changed by new Acts of Parliament, by the judges, and by new conventions.
The US Constitution was adopted in 1788. It consists of the Preamble and seven articles. The Federal Constitution defines the structure of the national government, its powers and activities. All other powers belong to the states, the counties and cities which have their own governments.
The US Constitution has 27 amendments. The first 10, called the «Bill of Rights», establish certain individual liberties.
