2015-07-04
3139
Parts of speech are recognized by traditional grammar but the problem of definition is always evident.
Approaches: 1) grammatical
2) Lexical - grammatical
Реформатский: parts of speech purely grammatical categories
Смирнитский: Lexical – grammatical categories
1. Problem: Parts of speech
Ахманова: Parts of speech – lexica – grammatical classes of words, possessing for four features: 1) a certain common (abstract, categorical meaning) 2) the system of the grammatical category typical for this class 3) Peculiarities of syntetic functions 4) special types of word form derivation
The 2 main problems: 1) how many parts of speech are there?
2) What are they?
According to Ахманова`s opinion there 11 parts of speech
Prof. Ахманова`s approach
1. Nouns
2. Verbs
3. Adjectives Notional
4. Adverbs
5. Pronouns
6. Numerals
7. Prepositional
8. Conjunction
9. Interjection
10. Articles
11. Particles
Prof. Ильиш`s treatment
12. Modal
13. Statives
Three criteria for every parts of speech
1) meaning (semantic or lexical, the generalize meaning is common for all words for a certain class)
2) form (morphological, grammatical categories)
3) Function (case number)
Two levels
