Ethics of sales and marketing

Marketing which goes beyond the mere provision предоставление of information about (and access to) a product may seek пытаться to manipulate our values and behavior. To some extent society regards this as acceptable, but where is the ethical line to be drawn? Marketing ethics overlaps strongly with media ethics, because marketing makes heavy use of media. However, media ethics is a much larger topic более широкий раздел and extends outside business ethics.

· Pricing ценовая политика: price fixing ценовой сговор, price discrimination ценовая дискриминация.

· Specific marketing strategies: greenwash зеленый камуфляж, bait and switch заманить-подменить, shill зазывала, viral marketing вирусный маркетикиг, spam (electronic), pyramid scheme финансовая пирамида, planned obsolescence запланированное устаревание.

· Content of advertisements: attack ads рекламные атаки, subliminal messages скрытая реклама, products regarded as immoral аморальные or harmful

· Black markets, grey markets дефицитный товар.

Ethics of production

This area of business ethics deals with the duties of a company to ensure that products and production processes do not cause harm. Some of the more acute dilemmas in this area arise out of the fact that there is usually a degree of danger in any product or production process and it is difficult to define a degree of permissibility, or the degree of permissibility may depend on the changing state of preventative technologies or changing social perceptions of acceptable risk.

· Defective, addictive and inherently dangerous products опасные по природе прожукты and services (e.g. tobacco, alcohol, weapons, motor vehicles, chemical manufacturing, bungee jumping).

· Ethical relations between the company and the environment: pollution, environmental ethics, carbon emissions trading производство, связано с выхлопом углекислых газов

· Ethical problems arising out of new technologies: genetically modified food, mobile phone radiation and health.

· Product testing ethics: animal rights and animal testing, use of economically disadvantaged слои населения, находящиеся в менее выгодном экономическом положении groups (such as students) as test objects.