„To have” означає: мати, володіти, бути власником. Іноді не має прямого перекладу. Має такі форми:
Теперiшнього часу – have/has, минулого часу - had, майбутнього часу – will have.
У теперiшньому часі в значенні “мати” можна вживати розмовний вираз – have/has got.
Форми теперiшнього часу:
Affirmative:
I You We They | have/have got | two sisters. |
He She It | has/has got |
Negative:
I You We They | do not have /have not got | any money. |
He She It | does not have /has not got |
Questions:
Do | I you we they | have a car? |
Does | he she it |
Or:
Have | I you we they | got a car? |
Has | he she it |
Yes/No questions: | Wh-questions: |
Do you have a sister? – Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Does he have a brother? – Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Have you got a sister? – Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he got a brother? – Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. | How many brothers do you have?= How many brothers have you got? When do you have breakfast? (NOT: When have you got breakfast?) What do you have? = What have you got? What does he have? = What has he got? |
Tag-questions: | Alternative questions: |
You have lunch at home, don’t you? He has breakfast at home, doesn’t he? I have got two sisters, haven’t I? We haven’t got any books, have we? | Do you have a brother or a sister?= Have you got a brother or a sister? I have a brother = I have got a brother. |
Також дієслово „to have” вживається у виразах на позначення дії. В цьому випадку воно втрачає своє значення “володіти чимось”, “мати щось”:
have breakfast (lunch, dinner) – снідати (обідати, вечеряти)
have coffee (tea) – пити каву (чай)
have a shower (a bath) – приймати душ (ванну)
have a good time – гарно проводити час
have to – вимушений щось робити
I do not want to go there, but I have to. - Я не хочу туди йти, але мушу.
Unit 2
Topic: Kyiv
Grammar: 1. The Simple Present Tense
The Simple Progressive Tense
The Numerals
The Word-order in the simple sentence