Say word-combinations in bold in turn. Each next student repeats the word-combinations of the previous ones. The last student repeats everything

Fill in the gaps.

If a battery is connected … in the direction shown in the figure of ex. 21, holes are … the positive end of the crystal and are … the junction; and electrons are repelled from the negative end of the crystal and also drift towards the junction. This … and electrons … the junction reduces both the … the depletion layer and the … the potential barrier, and the … is said to be forward biased. … in the height of the potential barrier allows majority charge carriers of lower energy to cross the junction and since the minority charge carrier current…, there is a net majority charge carrier … across the junction from the P-type region to the N-type region. This current increases very rapidly with … in the forward … voltage.

The holes drifting through the P-tуре region towards the P-N junction may be considered to have been … by the positive terminal of the battery. Some of these holes may … with electrons diffusing across the junction in the other direction and so the hole current across the junction is slightly less than the injected hole current. After they have passed across the junction the holes recombine with the … in the N-type region and the electrons that have not recombined cross the junction. The total current is the sum of the electron and hole currents and is constant … the crystal. The current … the P-type region as a hole current and … the N-type region as an electron current.

Choose some sentences from the text and transform them using Predicative Constructions with Participles.

For example: If a battery is connected across the crystal, holes are repelled from the positive end of the crystal and are caused to drift towards the junction. – A battery having been connected across the crystal, holes are repelled from the positive end of the crystal and are caused to drift towards the junction.

SPEAKING

Summarize the text “The Forward-Biased P-N Junction” in 150 words using at least 4 cases of Predicative Constructions with Participles.

Act as an interpreter.

a) Translate the summary given by your group-mates from English into Russian.

b) Give a reverse translation of the summary (from Russian into English ).