Grammatical analysis

What is language (Definitions)

Objectives of Linguistics

Human language peculiarities

Communicative versus informative

Unique properties of the human language

LANGUAGE is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of voluntary produced symbols.

THEME 2 LECTURES 3-4 GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS: APPROACHES AND METHODS

The scope of grammar

Types of grammar

Grammatical analysis

3.1 grammatical description

3.2 agreement

3.3 prescriptive and descriptive approaches

3.4 structural approach

4. Methods of analysis

4.1 oppositional

4.2 distributional

4.3 IC analysis

4.4 Transformational

THEME 3 LECTURE 5

BASIC GRAMMATICAL ASSUMPTIONS AND NOTIONS

OUTLINE

1. The notion of grammatical opposition

2. Transposition of grammatical forms

3. Polysemy, homonymy and synonymy in grammar

3.1 Polysemy

3.2 Homonymy

3.3 Synonymy

The notion of the grammatical opposition is one of the key points of the categorial morphology studying the rules and regularities in the realization of grammatical categories which are associated with the main classes of nominative units.

have a special stylistic value and are used in expressive language, They do lead to the development of situational synonymy in grammar. e.g. You are not going in there! (the opposition ‘Indicative – Imperative’ is neutralized) e.g. Say what you will = Whatever you may (might) say … Stylistic transposition can also be traced in the following example with personal pronouns e.g. How are we feeling today (‘you’ = ‘we’);