2017-12-14
2492Контрольная работа I (первый семестр I курс)
Часть I
Задание 1. Прочитайте текст и переведите выделенный отрывок на русский язык письменно:
Law
As the formal rules of a society, laws describe what people should and should not do. A ruler, a legislature, or a religious institution can make laws. The word law also refers to the study of laws—how they are made and what they mean. Lawyers and judges are professional experts in law.
Societies make their laws in different ways. Many laws come from religion or people's ideas about what is right. Others are based on traditional customs. Sometimes a supreme ruler, such as a dictator or a monarch, makes the laws. Often a legislature, or group of lawmakers, creates the laws. Legislatures can be part of national, state, or local governments.
Most countries record, or write down, their laws. A collection of written laws is called a code. In addition to codes of laws, the United States and the United Kingdom have a system of common law. Common law is made up of the decisions of judges in past court cases.
The laws of a society are often complex. Lawyers, also called attorneys, are trained to understand the laws. They give people advice about laws. They also represent people, businesses, and governments during lawsuits, or court cases. They make legal arguments before judges, who oversee the courts, and juries, or groups of citizens. Courts are places where people settle disagreements and decide whether laws have been broken.
Most countries have laws against such serious crimes as murder and stealing. Local governments usually pass laws against smaller crimes, such as drawing graffiti on buildings. After the police arrest people for committing crimes, the government brings them to court. Lawyers for the government are called prosecutors. The people accused of crimes are called defendants. Judges may decide whether defendants are guilty and how they should be punished. In some cases juries make those decisions. Possible punishments include fines, or payments to the government; working without pay; and time in prison. In some places people may be executed, or killed, for committing serious crimes.
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Sometimes people think that the actions of others were wrong even though no crime has occurred. The wronged people, called plaintiffs, may decide to sue, or open a civil lawsuit. In a civil lawsuit the plaintiffs say that the defendants broke a promise or hurt them in some way. If the plaintiffs win the case, the defendants must keep their promise or pay the plaintiffs money. A judge or a jury decides the amount. For example, imagine that a family pays a company to paint some rooms, but no workers ever arrive. The family may then sue the company to get the work done or their money back.
Задание 2. Переведите письменно слова и словосочетания, выделенные жирным шрифтом на русский язык.
Задание 3. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
1) What does the word “law” refer to?
2) What ways do societies make their laws in?
3) What are the functions of lawyers?
4) What are the parties in a criminal case?
1) What are the parties in a civil lawsuit?
Часть II
Задание 1. Раскройте скобки, выбрав нужную форму глагола:
1) There (is, are) a large table in my room.
2) There (is, are) three windows in my classroom.
3) There (is, are) a table and four chairs in my room.
4) There (is, are) a blackboard, four tables and five chairs in our classroom.
5) There (is, are) a text book and two note-books on my table.
Задание 2. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы:
1) There is a blackboard in my classroom.
2) There are some English books on the table.
3) There are a lot of mistakes in your dictation.
4) There is a new grammar rule in Lesson Four.
5) There is a telegram on the table.
6) There is too little ink in my pen to write two letters.
Задание 3. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, используя конструкцию there is/there are:
1) В Москве много красивых зданий.
2) В его докладе есть некоторые ошибки.
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3) На площади Свердлова много театров.
4) В моем диктанте много ошибок.
5) В статье нет ничего интересного.
Задание 4. Заполните пропуски в следующих предложениях глаголом to have (в настоящем или прошедшем времени):
1) Excuse me, _____ you _____ a pen I could borrow?
2) Why are you holding your face like that? _____ you ____ a toothache?
3) _____ you ____ a bicycle when you were a child?
4) “_____you ____ the time, please?” “Yes, it’s ten past seven.”
5) When you did the exam, ______ you ____ time to answer all the questions?
6) I need a stamp for this letter. _____ you ____ one?
7) “It started to rain while I was walking home.” “Did it? ______ you ____ an umbrella?”
Задание 5. Вставьте в предложения следующие словосочетания с глаголом to have:
| have lunch have a cigarette have a shower | have a swim have a rest have a party | have a nice time have a good flight have a look | have a chat have a baby |
1) I don’t eat much during the day. I never have _______.
2) David likes to keep fit, so he _______ every day.
3) We ______ last Saturday. It was great – we invited lots of people.
4) Excuse me, can I ______ at your newspaper, please?
5) ‘Where’s Jim?’ ‘He ______ in his room. He’s very tired.’
6) I met Ann in the supermarket yesterday. We stopped and _______.
7) I haven’t seen you since you came back from holidays. _______?
8) Suzanne _______ a few weeks ago. It’s her second child.
9) I don’t usually smoke but I was feeling very nervous, so I ______.
10) The phone rang but I couldn’t answer because I ______.
11) You meet Tom at the airport. He has just arrived. You say: Hello, Tom. ______________?
Задание 6. Определите, какое из подчеркнутых существительных правильное:
1) Sue was very helpful. She gave us some very useful advice/advices.
2) We had very good weather/a very good weather while we were on holidays.
3) We were very unfortunate. We had bad luck/a bad luck.
4) It’s very difficult to find a work/job at the moment.
5) Our travel/journey form London to Istanbul was very tiring.
6) When the fire alarm rang, there was total chaos/a total chaos.
7) I had to buy a/some bread because I wanted some sandwiches.
8) Bad news don’t/doesn’t make people happy.
9) Your hair is/your hairs are too long. You should have it/them cut.
Задание 7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях следующими словами. В некоторых случаях необходимо употребить существительное во множественном числе:
| chair job | experience luggage | experience permission | furniture progress | hair work | information |
1) I didn’t have much _______ - just two small bags.
2) They’ll tell you all you want to know. They’ll give you plenty of _______.
3) There is room for everybody to sit down. There are plenty of _______.
4) We have no _______, not even a bed or table.
5) ‘What does Alan look like?’ ‘He’s got a long beard and very short___.’
6) Carla’s English is better than it was. She’s made _______.
7) George is unemployed. He’s looking for a ______.
8) George is unemployed. He’s looking for ______.
9) If you want to leave work early, you have to ask for ______.
10) I don’t think Ann will get the job. She hasn’t got enough ______.
11) Rita has done many interesting things. She should write a book about her ______.
Задание 8. Заполните пропуски в следующих предложениях местоимениями some и any:
1) We didn’t buy _______ flowers.
2) This evening I’m going out with _______ friends of mine.
3) ‘Have you seen _______ good films recently?’ ‘No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages.’
4) I didn’t have _______ money, so I had to borrow _______.
5) Can I have _______ sugar in my coffee, please?
6) I was too tired to do _______ work.
7) You can cash these traveller’s cheques at _______ bank.
8) Can you give me _______ information about places of interest in the town?
9) With the special tourist train ticket, you can travel on _______ train you like.
10) If there are _______ words you don’t understand, use a dictionary.
Задание 9. Заполните пропуски словами much, many, few и little:
1) He isn’t very popular. He has ________ friends.
2) Ann is very busy these days. She has _______ free time.
3) Did you take ________ photographs when you were on holiday?
4) I’m not very busy today. I haven’t got ________ to do.
5) The museum was very crowded. There were too ________ people.
6) Most of the town is modern. There are ________ old buildings.
7) The weather has been very dry recently. We’ve had ________ rain.
Задание 10. Закончите предложения, используя выражение plenty (of) и один из следующих вариантов:
| hotels | money | room | time | to learn | things to see |
1) There is no need to hurry. We’ve got __________________________.
2) He’s got no financial problems. He’s got _______________________.
3) She knows a lot but she still has ______________________________.
4) Come and sit with us. There’s _______________________________.
5) It is an interesting town to visit. There are ______________________.
6) I’m sure we’ll find somewhere to stay. There are _______________ here.
Задание 11. Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму в следующих предложениях, используя время Present Continuous:
| come | get | look | make | start | stay | try | work |
1) ‘You _________ hard today.’ ‘Yes, I have a lot to do.’
2) I _________ for Christine. Do you know where she is?
3) It _________ dark. Shall I turn on the light?
4) They haven’t got anywhere to live at the moment. They _________ with friends until they find somewhere.
5) ‘Are you ready, Ann?’ ‘Yes, _________.’
6) Have you got an umbrella? It _________ to rain.
7) You __________ a lot of noise. Could you be quieter? I _________ to concentrate.
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Задание 12. Используя слова в скобках, закончите вопросы, поставив глаголы Present Continuous:
1) ‘________ this week’ ‘No, he’s on holiday.’ (Colin/work)
2) Why ________ at me like that? What’s the matter? (you/look)
3) ‘Jenny is a student at university.’ ‘Is she? What ________?’(she/study)
4) ________ to the radio or can I turn it off? (anybody/listen)
5) How is your English? ________ better? (it/get)
Задание 13. Поставьте глаголы в правильную форму, используя время Present Simple:
1) Jane ________ tea very often (not/drink).
2) What time ________ in Britain (the banks/close)?
3) ‘Where ________ from?’ ‘He’s Scottish (Martin/come).’
4) ‘What ________?’ ‘I’m an electrical engineer (you/do).’
5) It ________ me an hour to get to work (take). How long ________ you (it/take)?
6) I ________ the piano but I ________ very well (play) / (not/play).
7) I don’t understand this sentence. What _________ (this word/mean)?
Задание 14. Закончите следующие предложения, используя указанные ниже глаголы (в некоторых предложениях необходимо поставить глаголы в отрицательную форму), используя время Present Simple:
| believe | eat | flow | go | grow | make | rise | tell | translate |
1) The earth ________ the sun.
2) Rice ________ in Britain.
3) The sun ________ in the East.
4) Bees ________ honey.
5) Vegetarians ________ meat.
6) An atheist ________ in God.
7) An interpreter ________ from one language into another.
8) A liar is someone who ________ the truth.
9) The River Amazon ________ into the Atlantic Ocean.
Задание 15. Поставьте глаголы во время Present Continuous или Present Simple:
1) Let’s go out. It ___ now (not/rain).
2) Julia is very good at languages. She ___ four languages very well (speak).
3) Hurry up! Everybody ___ for you (wait).
4) “___to the radio (you/listen)?” “No, you can turn it off.”
5) “___to the radio every day (you/listen)?” “No, just occasionally.”
6) The River Nile ___ into the Mediterranean (flow).
7) Look at the river. It ___ very fast today – much faster than usual (flow).
8) We usually ___ vegetables in our garden but this year we ___ any (grow) / (not/grow).
9) “How is your English?” “Not bad. It ___ slowly (improve).”
10) Ron is in London at the moment. He ___ at the Park Hotel. He ___ there when he’s in London (stay) / (always/ stay).
11) Can we stop walking soon? I ___ to feel tired (start).
12) “Can you drive?” “I ___. My father ___ me (learn) / (teach).”
13) Normally I ___ work at 5.00, but this week I ___ until 6/00 to earn a bit more money (finish) / (work).
14) My parents ___ in Bristol (live). They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. Where ___ (your parents/live)?
15) Sonia ___ for a place to live (look). She ___ with her sister until she finds somewhere (stay).
16) “What ___ (your father/do)?” “He’s an architect but he ___ at the moment (not/work).”
17) (at a party) Usually I ___ parties but I ___ this one very much (enjoy) / (not enjoy).
18) The train is never late. It ___ on time (always/leave).
19) Jim is very untidy. He ___ his things all over the place (always/leave).
Задание 16. Употребите в предложениях один из следующих глаголов, используя время Past Simple:
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| buy | cost | fall | sell | teach | win |
| catch | drink | hurt | spend | throw | write |
1) Mozart ___ more than 600 pieces of music.
2) “How did you learn to drive?” “My father ___ me.”
3) We couldn’t afford to keep our car, so we ___ it.
4) I was very thirsty. I ___ the water very quickly.
5) Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He’s much better than me, so he ___easily.
6) Don ___ down the stairs this morning and ___ his leg.
7) Jim ___ the ball to Sue, who ___ it.
8) Ann ___ a lot of money yesterday. She ___ a dress which ___ $ 100.
Задание 17. Напишите вопросы, используя время Past Simple:
1) (where / go)?
2) (go alone)?
3) (food / good)?
4) (how long / stay there)?
5) (stay / at a hotel)?
6) (how / travel)?
7) (the weather / fine)?
8) (what / do in the evenings)?
9) (meet anybody interesting)?
Задание 18. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму, если необходимо – отрицательную, используя время Past Simple.
1) It was warm, so I ___ off my coat. (take)
2) The film wasn’t very good. I ___ it very much. (enjoy)
3) I knew Sarah was very busy, so I ___ her. (disturb)
4) I was very tired, so I ___ to bed early. (go)
5) The bed was very uncomfortable. I ___ very well. (sleep)
6) Sue wasn’t hungry, so she ___ anything. (eat)
7) We went to Kate’s house but she ___ at home. (be)
8) It was a funny situation but nobody ___. (laugh)
9) The window was open and a bird ___ into the room. (fly)
10) The hotel wasn’t very expensive. It ___ very much. (cost)
11) I was in a hurry, so I ___ time to phone you. (have)
12) It was hard work carrying the bags. They ___ very heavy. (be)
Задание 19. Употребив Present Perfect, составьте предложения:
Dear Chris.
Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.
1) I / buy / a new car
2) my father / start / a new job
3) I / give up / smoking
4) Charles and Sarah / go / to Brazil
5) Suzanne / have / a baby
Задание 20. Напишите предложения, подставив нужный глагол во времени Present Perfect:
| arrive | break | go up | grow | improve | lose |
1) Mike is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He ___.
2) Margaret can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. She ___.
3) Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is much better. ______
4) Tim didn’t have a beard last month. Now he has a beard. ______
5) This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it._______
6) Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90. ________
