Ex. 3. Lots of sentences are wrong. Correct them

1. Three years are a long time to be without a job.	Three years is a long time.
2. The government wants to increase taxes.	OK (wants is also correct)
3. Susan was wearing a black jeans.
4. Brazil are playing Italy in a football match next week.
5. I like Martin and Jane. They're very nice persons.
6. I need more than ten pounds. Ten pounds aren't enough.
7. I'm going to buy a new pyjama.
8. The committee haven't made a decision yet.
9. There was a police directing traffic in the street.
10. What is the police going to do?

Ex. 4. What is another way of saying these things? Use -'s.

1 a hat for a woman 2 a name for a boy 3 clothes for children 6 a school for girls 5 a nest for a bird

a woman's hat __________________ __________________ __________________ _________________

Read each sentence and write a new sentence beginning with the underlined words.
1. The meeting tomorrow has been cancelled.
Tommorrow's meeting has been cancelled.
2. The storm last week caused a lot of damage.
Last _____last weeks_______________________________
3. The only cinema in the town has closed down.
The ______the town”s ______________________________
4. The weather in Britain is very changeable.
________British________________________________
5. Tourism is the main industry in the region.
________________________________________

Домашнє завдання:

1. Опрацювати програмний матеріал. 2. Виконати граматичні завдання. 3. Робота з фаховим текстом.

Практичне заняття №2

Тема заняття: Партнерство. Співробітництво.

Partnership

A partnership is an arrangement where entities and/or individuals agree to cooperate to advance their interests. In the most frequent instance, a partnership is formed between one or more businesses in which partners (owners) co-labor to achieve and share profits or losses.

Partnerships are also frequent regardless of and among sectors. Non-profit organizations, for example, may partner together to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission. Governments may partner with other governments to achieve their mutual goals, as may religious and political organizations. In education, accrediting agencies increasingly evaluate schools by the level and quality of their partnerships with other schools and across sectors. Partnerships also occur at personal levels, such as when two or more individuals agree to domicile together. Partnerships between governments, interest-based organizations, schools, businesses, and individuals, or some combination thereof, have always been and remain commonplace.

Partnerships have widely varying results and can present partners with special challenges. Levels of give-and-take, areas of responsibility, lines of authority, and overarching goals of the partnership must all be negotiated. While partnerships stand to amplify mutual interests and success, some are considered ethically problematic, or at least debatable. When a politician, for example, partners with a corporation to advance the corporation's interest in exchange for some benefit, a conflict of interest may make the partnership problematic from the standpoint of the public good. Developed countries often strongly regulate certain partnerships via anti-trust laws, so as to to inhibit monopolistic practices and foster free market competition.

Among developed countries, business partnerships are often favored over corporations in taxation policy, since dividend taxes only occur on profits before they are distributed to the partners. However, depending on the partnership structure and the jurisdiction in which it operates, owners of a partnership may be exposed to greater personal liability than they would as shareholders of a corporation.

Cooperation

Cooperation, co-operation or coöperation is the process of working or acting together, which can be accomplished by both intentional and non-intentional agents. In its simplest form it involves things working in harmony, side by side, while in its more complicated forms, it can involve something as complex as the inner workings of a human being or even the social patterns of a nation. It is the alternative to working separately in competition. Cooperation can also be accomplished by computers, which can handle shared resources simultaneously, while sharing processor timeю

Cooperative systems

Cooperation, more formally speak is how the components of a system work together to achieve the global properties. In other words, individual components that appear to be “selfish” and independent work together to create a highly complex, greater-than-the-sum-of-its-parts system. Examples can be found all around us. The components in a cell work together to keep it living. Cells work together and communicate to produce multicultural organisms. Organisms form food chains and ecosystems. People form families, gangs, cities and nations. Neurons create thought and consciousness. Atoms cooperate in a simple way, by combining to make up molecules. Understanding the mechanisms that create cooperating agents in a system is one of the most important and least well understood phenomena in nature, though there has not been a lack of effort. Individual action on behalf of a larger system may be coerced (forced), voluntary (freely chosen), or even unintentional, and consequently individuals and groups might act in concert even though they have almost nothing in common as regards interests or goals. Examples of that can be found in market trade, military wars, families, workplaces, schools and prisons, and more generally any institution or organization of which individuals are part (out of own choice, by law, or forced).