Creating a p-n junction

Start here

1.

1) b)

2) c)

3) a)

 

a) a p-n junction

b) forward bias

c) reverse bias

 

In the diagrams a-c:

· n-type region is red

· p-type region is blue

· electrons are black

· holes are white

TYPES OF DIODES

Test yourself

2.

1) Step Recovery Diode (SRD)

2) Gunn diode

3) Zener diode

4) Point-contact diode

5) Constant-current diodes

6) Transient Voltage Supression (TVS) diode

7) Super barrier diodes

8) Tunnel diode

9) Infrared (IR) LED

3.

7) a)

8) b)

9) a)

10) b)

11) a)

12) b)

4.

Diode   Light - emitting diode (LED)   Schottky diode   Tunnel diode   Photodiode   Varicap   Zener diode   Transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode

DIODE APPLICATIONS

1.

1) c)

2) a)

3) b)

4.

8) d)

9) c)

10) e)

11) f)

12) a)

13) b)

14) g)

UNIT 3

TRANSISTOR

WHAT DOES A TRANSISTOR ACTUALLY DO?

Revision

6.

1) d)

2) b), c)

3) a), c)

4) b)

5) a)

6) b), c)

7) b), d)

8) a)

9) d)

TYPES OF TRANSISTORS AND HOW THEY WORK

Listening

2.

1) True

2) False

3) False

4) False

5) True

6) True

7) False

8) True

9) True

 

Vocabulary

3.

1) base

2) emitter

3) collector

4) negative

5) positive

6) emitter

7) collector

8) base

9) base

10) base

Task

4.

1) Vce

2) Ice

3) Vbe

4) Ibe

Reading

5.

1) b)

2) a)

In diagrams:

· N-type region is red

· P-type region is blue

· Holes are pluses, white

· Electrons are minuses, black

6.

1) E

2) H

3) D

4) G

5) A

6) B

7) F

8) C

TRANSISTORS IN COMPUTERS

WHO INVENTED THE TRANSISTROR?

Grammar

5.

1) do not need

2) works

3) does all this help

4) compares

5) gives

6) makes

7) have

8) is

Scanning

8.

1) Vacuum tubes were used before transistors.

2) Vacuum tubes had to warm up before they worked (and sometimes overheated when they did), they were unreliable and bulky and they used too much energy.

3) Three brilliant US physicists: John Bardeen (1908–1991), Walter Brattain (1902–1987), and William Shockley (1910–1989) invented the transistor.

4) Transistors were invented at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey in 1947.

5) It's no exaggeration that transistors have enabled some of humankind's biggest leaps in technology.

6) Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley shared the world's top science award, the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics, for their discovery.

UNIT 4

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT