2017-10-25
836
5 вариант
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения.
1. Many 16-storey houses with all modern conveniences are being built in this part of Moscow.
2. The sputniks are used for the research of magnetic fields and cosmic rays.
3. The properties of materials are affected by solar radiation.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.
1. It is necessary to obtain accurate data on the possibility of living and working in space.
2. We know that the properties of steel are different from those of iron.
3. We had to find new methods of investigation because the old ones were unsatisfactory.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.
1. A programme for the construction of new types of spaceships is to be carried out this year.
2. Some students do not want to learn English.
3. We had to change the design of this machine.
4. The speed of electrons is almost the same as that of light.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.
1. We know radio and radar system play a very important role at any airport.
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2. The information science gets about other galaxies come through radiotelescopes.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. The Russian science was the first to make great contribution to the development of space technology.
2. In order to make interplanetary flights in the future it is necessary to know factors affecting the human organism.
VI. Прочтите и устно переведите весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 3 и 5 абзацы.
Computers
1. Computers (from “to compute” – считать) are electronic machines. They communicate with the user, perform different kinds of arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, division and multiplication and solve a series of logical problems. Modern computers operate quickly and accurately.
2. Every computer consists of software (программное обеспечение) and hardware (техническое обеспечение). Information in the form of programmes and data is called software, but the pieces of equipment that make up the system are known as hardware.
3. The first general-purpose electronic digital computer came out in the USA in 1946. It was called ENIAC (E lectronic N umerical I ntegrator A nd C omputer). ENIAC contained about 18,000 vacuum tubes, weighed more than 30 tons, occupied more than 1,500 square feet of floor space, and consumed 150 kilowatts of electricity during 5,000 additions and 1,000 multiplications per second and was very slow.
4. In the late 1950s the second generation of computers appeared and these perform work ten times faster than the first computers. The reason for this extra speed was the use of transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The third-generation computers appeared in 1965. They performed a million calculations per second, which was 1000 times as many as first-generation computers.
5. By the late 1960s many large businesses depended on computers. During this time computer technology improved rapidly. In the 1970s there appeared a microprocessor. And in 1975 American engineers devised the first personal computer, Altair. Millions of individuals, families and schools began to use PCs.
VII. Прочтите 2 абзац текста и письменно ответьте на вопрос
What does software mean?
