H) credit i) training

1. The industry has been in………. for decades.

2. They've purchased all sorts of equipment on ………..

3. People leave if they want to find a better……….

4. A skilled worker has special ………..or knowledge to do a job.

5. When we apply for a job, things like pay and ………….can be important.

6. Many modern ………..want jobs that give them enough free time.

7. A product …………contains details about its special features.

8. The retail sector is now in………...

9. Most of their crops are grown for ……...

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II. Match (1-9) with (a-i) to make up sentences:

1. Cooperative mechanisms can help achieve 2. Countries around the world struggle to grow 3. Bringing more women into the labor force 4. The decision to make cuts in health care provision 5. Persistent rumors that the business is for sale 6.During the Great Depression of the ‘30s, 7. Gold continues to be preferred 8. Modern banks do more 9. A country’s total output consists of a) would expand the pool of talent in the labor market. b) have alarmed the staff. c) the promise of globalization and limit its harm. d) to many national currencies. e) their economies more quickly.   f) has been widely criticized. g) both goods and services. h) as many as one fourth of all workers were unemployed. i) than simply transfer cash.

 

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III. Match each of the words on the left with an appropriate explanation on the right.

1.punctual a) encourage other people to work well

2. motivating b) shy and nervous; without much

confidence

3. state-run c) managed by the government

4. valuable d) like to be on time

5. timid e) important or worth money

6. creative f) good at making things work

7. practical g) want to reach the top in their career

8. hard-working h) have a lot of new ideas

9. sociable i) like to spend time with other people

10.ambitious j) spend a lot of time doing a good job

 

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IV. Complete the sentences (1-10) with the most suitable preposition (a-j):a) to b) out of c)on d)for e)at f) in g) with h) of i) to j) from.

1. I bought this computer ______ the start of the summer.

2. He signed the documents on behalf _______ his company.
3. She retired _______ the firm at the age of sixty.
4. With reference ________ your order, we apologize for the delay.

5. Nine _______ten ventures won`t make any return.

6. The location of a business is an important factor _______ its growth.

7. Employers offer jobs _______people with the right qualifications and experience.

8. A good employee always arrives _______ time.

9. We always insist on payment _______ advance.
10. Can you deal ________ this report in time for the meeting?

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V. КОПРы (Simple, Continuous (Progressive), Perfect. Complete the sentences (1-6) with the appropriate forms of the verbs (a-f):a)works b) has cut c) is changing d) saw e)am writing f) employs.

1. Our secretary _________ very hard.

2. The company _______currently ________to a new accounting system.

3. Five years ago, we ________ big increases in the price of oil.

4. In recent years, Cookwell _________ its workforce by 5,000.

5. The factory ______600 people.

6. At the moment __________ this entry to the guide.

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VI. Make the adjectives or adverbs in the box comparative. Then complete the sentences.

a) good b) fast c) much)

1. You may not have to stay in a job that you don`t like: it may be …….to look for a new job.

2. In some market structures, companies have ………control over price.

3. Efficient economy grows ………and everyone in society benefits.

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VII. Read and translate the text. Write down your translation of the second paragraph.

Strategic management

1. Strategic management is the management of an organization’s resources to achieve its goals and objectives. Strategic management involves setting objectives, analyzing the competitive environment, analyzing the internal organization, evaluating strategies and ensuring that management rolls out the strategies across the organization. At its heart, strategic management involves identifying how the organization stacks up compared to its competitors and recognizing opportunities and threats facing an organization, whether they come from within the organization or from competitors.

2. Strategic management is divided into several schools of thought. A prescriptive approach to strategic management outlines how strategies should be developed, while a descriptive approach focuses on how strategies should be put into practice. These schools differ over whether strategies are developed through an analytic process in which all threats and opportunities are accounted for, or are more like general guiding principles to be applied.

3. Business culture, the skills and competencies of employees, and organizational structure are important factors that influence how an organization can achieve its stated objectives. Inflexible companies may find it difficult to succeed in a changing business environment. Creating a barrier between the development of strategies and their implementation can make it difficult for managers to determine whether objectives were efficiently met.

4. While an organization’s upper management is ultimately responsible for its strategy, the strategies themselves are often sparked by actions and ideas from lower-level managers and employees. An organization may have several employees devoted to strategy rather than relying on the chief executive officer (CEO) for guidance. Because of this reality, organization leaders focus on learning from past strategies and examining the environment at large. The collective knowledge is then used to develop future strategies and to guide the behavior of employees to ensure that the entire organization is moving forward.

 

VIII. Answer the questions:

1. What does strategic management involve?

2. Who is responsible for an organization’s strategy?

3. What do organization leaders focus on?

Variant IV

I. Complete the sentences (1- 9) with the words (a-i):


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