Define the function of the infinitives and translate the sentences

1. Finally the whole branch of the tree may die.

2. Fungicides can be used to kill the elm bark beetle.

3. To prevent this, trenches must be dug to stop contact between healthy and unhealthy roots.

4. Natural fires also serve to reduce competition in softwood forests.

2.5 Form nouns from the following verbs with the help of the appropriate suffix (- tion or - ment) and translate them:

to manage; to protect; to develop; to compete; to reforest; to populate; to educate; to organize

2.6 Translate these word combinations (use the text 1) and use them in sentences of your own:

насекомые вредители; фунгициды; причины пожаров; пожарные; лесонасаждение; разрушать леса.

2.7 Skim the text 2. Write down an annotation of the text.

Text 2

Trees in danger

Millions of years before animals lived on land, there were trees on the Earth. But today trees are in serious danger.

In the 1970^th, many of the elm trees were killed by Dutch elm disease. Now an even greater danger is threatening the forests and woods of Europe from northern Sweden to southern Italy. This new danger attacks all trees – deciduous trees like oak, beech and birch as well as coniferous trees like fir and pine.

First the branches turn yellow end brown. Then the trees needles or leaves fall. The roots and the trunk shrink. Finally the trees die. In file Black Forest in southern Germany 75% of the trees have been damaged or killed (figure 2.5).

But what is killing the trees? It is air pollution or acid rain.