Crime and punishment
Topical Vocabulary
A crime a crime scene
A criminal
To commit a crime to commit for trial привлекать к судебной ответственности, to commit a murder, to commit a suicide
Offence правонарушение, преступление offence against the law, to commit an offence, criminal offence уголовное преступление, first offence впервые совершённое преступление, minor offence мелкое правонарушение
Offender правонарушитель, преступник
To offend совершить проступок, правонарушение; to reoffend
Felony [ʹfeləni] уголовное преступление, тяжкое преступление, to commit a felony
A judge
Jury
Court, Supreme court, court trial, court case, court procedure, the arguments прения in court, in open court в открытом судебном заседании
Trial судебное следствие, судебное разбирательство, суд, слушание дела
To try 1. Допрашивать, расследовать
2. судить, привлекать к судебной ответственности to be tried for murder
A suspect [ʹsʌspekt] to arrest as a suspect арестовать по подозрению
To suspect [səsʹpekt] smb of
A convict [ʹkonvikt] осуждённый, заключённый
To convict [kənʹvikt] признать виновным, вынести приговор to be convicted of …
To acquit (of) оправдывать to be acquitted of the crime быть признанным невиновным в преступлении
Acquittal [əʹkwitl]оправдание (по суду)
A witness the witnesses of the accident, examination допрос of a witness, to hear/to examine a witness допрашивать свидетеля
To witness to witness an accident, to witness a will засвидетельствовать завещание, to witness for/against smb
Evidence 1. доказательства, улики; 2. показания свидетеля или обвиняемого documentary, oral, written, indirect evidence, to give evidence
To investigate to investigate a crime
Investigation следствие, расследование
Inquiry расследование police inquiry
To inquire into расследовать, разузнавать, выяснять
Guilty adj to be guilty of, to find smb guilty, to plead guilty/innocent, признавать себя виновным/ невиновным в предъявленном обвинении, to confess guilt, to deny guilt
Innocent adj innocence n
Sentence приговор, судебное решение, наказание nominal / suspended sentence условный,
Severe sentence, lenient [ʹ li:njənt] sentence мягкий, снисходительный (lenient punishment, a lenient judge), to get a life sentence, to receive a six months’ sentence, to serve a sentence отбывать наказание, to reverse/recall a sentence отменить наказание
To sentence приговаривать, осуждать, выносить судебное решение to sentence to death, to sentence to imprisonment
To be sentenced to
To charge обвинять, выдвигать или предъявлять обвинение
To be charged with to be charged with murder
Punishment capital/death punishment = death penalty, corporal/physical punishment
Prison (syn jail, US) to send smb to prison, to take in(to) prison, to commit to prison, to keep in prison
Prisoner
To imprison заключать в тюрьму, брать под стражу, лишать свободы
Imprisonment false imprisonment незаконное лишение свободы, содержание под стражей, imprisonment before trial предварительное заключение
To release освобождать, выпускать на волю to release a prisoner, to release on bail выпустить из тюрьмы под залог
Bail залог, поручительство to let to bail освободить из заключения под залог, to stand bail for smb внести залог
To bail брать на поруки, вносить залог to be bailed for trial быть освобождённым до суда под залог/поручительство
An alibi [ʹælibai] a dubious сомнительное, unquestioned бесспорное, faked сфабрикованное, admirable alibi; to prove/to have an alibi
A fine
Community service
To escape 1. совершить побег to escape from prison 2. Избежать, отделаться To escape the punishment
A ransom выкуп
A reward вознаграждение
A hostage [ʹhostiʤ] заложник
assassination | Убийство по политическим мотивам | Assassin(ator) Убийца общественного/политического деятеля | to assassinate |
assault | Словесное оскорбление и угроза действием | Assaulter (лицо, оскорбившее к-л действием или угрожающее к-л физическим насилием) | to commit an assault upon smb |
arson | поджог | arsonist | to set fire on |
blackmail | шантаж | blackmailer | to blackmail |
bribery | Взяточничество подкупность | briber bribe taker | to bribe to take bribes |
burglary | Кража со взломом | burglar | to burgle |
drug dealing | наркоторговля | drug dealer | |
drug addiction | наркомания | drug addict | to take drugs |
forgery | Подделка (документов, денег) | forger | to forge |
fraud | мошенничество | to commit fraud | |
hijacking | Воздушное пиратство | hijacker | hijack |
kidnapping | Похищение людей | kidnapper | to kidnap |
manslaughter | Непредумышленное убийство | ||
mugging | Нападение с целью ограбления в общественном месте | mugger | to mug |
murder | предумышленное убийство | murderer | to murder |
parking illegally | |||
rape | изнасилование | rapist | to rape, to commit a rape |
robbery | Грабёж, разбой, кража | robber | to rob |
speeding | Превышение скорости | ||
smuggling | контрабанда | smuggler | to smuggle |
swindling | Мошенничество надувательство | swindler | to swindle smth out of smb выманить, взять обманным путём |
theft | кража | a thief/thieves | to steal (stole-stolen) |
terrorism | terrorist | ||
vandalism | vandal | to vandalise |
Translate the sentences into Russian.
1.He was sentenced to three years of imprisonment. 2. A dangerous criminal escaped from prison. 3. He escaped punishment. 4. She was on her trial for murder. 5. He was tried for theft. 6. He was tried and found guilty. 7. Do you plead guilty? – No, I plead innocent. 8. The suspects all had good alibis for the day of the robbery. 9. Mind that every error will be charged against you. 10. The passers-by witnessed the accident. 11. The prosecutor brought charge against a group of teenagers. 12. The hostages were released. 13. Justice is a necessary condition in taking decision in court. 14. She refused to give evidence against her friend. 15. She has three convictions for theft. 16. Let’s inquire into that matter a little more. 17. He was tried and convicted. 18. Two witnesses evidenced against him. 19. The suspect was charged with stealing money. 20. She witnessed to having seen the defendant near the scene of a crime. 21. The neighbours accused him of murder but he has never been charged with it. 22. The kidnappers have given him two days to pay the ransom. 23. Clever criminals do not rob banks, they do not steal people’s money, they do not rob people, they do not burgle houses, they do not even mug people, they simply rob other successful criminals. 24. A young man mugged me at the bus stop in broad daylight. He took my briefcase. 25. Many people agree that capital punishment should no longer exist. 26. He was accused of smuggling drugs.