EASE in maintenance and construction

ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ И ДИЗАЙНА»

 

 

 

Кафедра дизайна пространственной среды

 

 

 

 

 

Реферат на тему:

 

« The shaping of an individual house in the first half of the 21st century » ​

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Исполнитель:

Студент учебной группы 4-АДА-1

Охрименко К. В.

 

 

 

 

Санкт-Петербург

Г.

 

 

SUBJECT-MATTER

 

ABSTRACT……………………………………………….………………………………. 3

1. INTRODUCTION....………...…………………………....…….…………………. 4

2. EASE IN MAINTENANCE AND CONSTRUCTION.………….….…….... 4

3. ENVIRONMENTAL EXPRESSION……………………………………………….6

4. MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY AND PRACTICE……………………………….7

5. STRUCTURE, FAÇADE AND DECORATION…………………….…….…….7

6. EFFECT…………………………………………………………………………………….8

6.1 EMOTION IN FORM……………………………………………………………….10

6.2 LIGHT……………………………………………………………………..…….……….11

6.3 COLOUR…………………………………………………………………………………12

7. CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS………………………………………………….12

METHODS…………………………………………………………………..…………….15

CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………..…………16

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………….17

 

 

 

 

 
 What is the purpose of an individual house in the first half of the 21st century? Luxury or necessity for a place of relaxation to empty the mind. The first two decades have shown themselves as a huge leap in information and in an appealing need to filter out network trash. The 21st century brought in with global neurosis and depression for the urban population. Cities are gradually losing their priority as a permanent residence. Communication capabilities of countries have grown to incredible proportions.   Does a person need to constantly stay in the stream of urban events and how often does a person need to move away from the fast current? How architecture can affect the psychological and physical health of a person?What effect can it have?
The basis of this essay is to investigate techniques and methods for influencing environmental characteristics on a person and based on this, suggest an algorithm for creating an individual house It is architecture and environmental design that are capable for forming an individual living environment within the framework of suburban housing

 

INTRODUCTION

 

According to the latest statistics, lots of people are summer and south vacation residents, every third person also has a second house. The term "second house" is usually referred as country houses and garden houses, dwellings of city dwellers in a village. The term emphasizes the difference between the "second" home from the "first", that is, the main place of residence - a city apartment or an individual city mansion and focuses on the duality of the living environment. In scientific research, in design and construction practice, the term "second home" refers not only to summer cottages, but to a large group of objects. This typological group includes suburban villas, individual campsites, private homes for amateur naturalists, traders (fishermen, hunters), etc. World practice shows that this is a wide range of buildings and structures. Recently, the second home of the townspeople has become extremely widespread throughout the world. In this regard, the interest in this phenomenon of researchers, including architects and urban planners, was sharply indicated. In domestic and foreign scientific terminology, suburban private houses of urban families are sometimes referred to by another general name - “recreational house”, otherwise “rest house”. The advantage of this term is that it directly indicates one of the most important functions of this kind of second dwellings. Recreational houses include weekend houses, summer cottages, villas, various national and local varieties can be added here - bungalows, chalets, houses, etc. The name “recreational house” means a temporary place of residence used on certain days, periods and times. years for recreation, recreation of citizens.

In modern World, a certain part of people prefers to live outside the city, working in a megalopolis. In this case, their choice is natural. Recently, the active construction of cottages is associated, in many respects, with the unfavorable environment characteristic of almost all large cities. The specificity of cottages lies in the ability to fit harmoniously built country houses into the selected landscape with almost complete absence of restrictions on the implementation of their requests and fantasies.
The construction of wooden, brick cottages and country houses in recent decades has become a very popular affair. And already a good part of the townspeople is beginning to radically change their lives, moving from city apartments to a sweetheart cottage or a wooden, brick house.

EASE IN MAINTENANCE AND CONSTRUCTION

Most important thing in using a modern house is the simplicity of its care and the quality of execution of the basic structures. And from these parameters at the same time follows its environmental friendliness and cost.

Many buildings today are built using procurement routes where the architect’s domain of influence is deliberately limited. Materials and details may have to be chosen shrewdly if they are to survive cost cutting or the passing of control to other hands. Once the building is handed over to the client is anyone going to look after it?

Nowadays it is a necessity in construction of affordable and massive quality architecture. Individual house is a tool for self-expression, clear sense of reality and an opportunity to create an affordable and massive architectural product that allows you to make large-scale changes.It is also an optimization of all logistics processes and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, low-power production, installation technology with minimal damage to the landscape and an energy-efficient design that saves energy during future operation. A modern individual house for architecture should cease to show luxury, but on the contrary, to extract for a person the possibilities of spatial thinking and the development of socialization with the world, but not its isolation.

  A uniform level is apparent on any building site in the World but unfortunately it is not high. There are however some highly specialized subcontractors who are experts at particular forms of construction, and it is to them we tend to turn if we want any guarantee of quality. Understanding what can be expected of the people who are going to make the different elements of the building informs how they are designed. There is no evidence that the situation has ever been much different.

House in Perthshire was designed to test how green a house can be built within the constraints of low-cost housing. Favoring natural local materials over complicated design or sophisticated equipment, a high standard of construction was achieved with low environmental impact.

The house was designed to create a healthy indoor environment, with known asthma and allergy triggers avoided through the passive regulation of relative humidity. The house is also very thermally efficient and makes good use of natural daylight to reduce electrical demand.

The inner walls are built of earth masonry and finished with natural clay plasters in an innovative approach that was monitored as part of a 3-year DTI sponsored research programme.