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| reliable time-taking challenging | original expensive useful | academic high-risk accurate | helpful to the society complicated applicable to market problems |
Ex. 3. Discuss the questions.
- How do people become scientists? Do many people become scientists? Why so? What features should a scientist possess? Use the following words to help you
| inquisitive | explorative | intelligent | analytical | creative | persistent |
- Think about human curiosity? Does it have limits? Should it have? Who is more curious – a scientist or a child?
- What is the difference between a scientist and a researcher? Is a researcher also a scientist or is a scientist a researcher? Is a researcher something more than a scientist, or just a type of scientist?
- Should societies support and care in a special way about these two categories of their members? Why?
VOCABULARY
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS
Ex. 1. Scientist, Researcher or Scholar? Read the information in the box [32] and underline the correct word in the sentences below.
| · A scientist is also a researcher as he tests hypothesis and verifies observations and facts. Usually an expert in a science, especially physical or natural sciences. · A researcher is a generic term for a person who may study a subject for a better understanding of facts, and he may be a scientist or a scholar in his field. · If a person conducts research not in sciences but in the field of religion, law or liberal arts, he is called a research scholar and not a research scientist. · A scholar is also used for someone who has been awarded scholarship. |
1. A scientist/ researcher is a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences.
2. IIASA’s (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) annual 3-month Young Scientists Summer Program (YSSP) offers research opportunities to talented young researchers/ scientists whose interests correspond with IIASA’s ongoing research on issues of global environmental, economic and social change.
3. IBM computer scholars/ scientists have been at the forefront of scientific and technological innovation in a broad range of research areas.
4. Scientists/ scholars perform research toward a more comprehensive understanding of nature, including physical, mathematical and social realms.
5. A Visiting Scholar/Researcher is generally a Professor of Law at another institution; a Visiting Scientist/Researcher is generally someone who is working towards a graduate degree or doing postgraduate work at another institution.
6. Scholarships are awarded by Buransky Research Foundation to recognize outstanding researchers/ scholars specializing in food engineering and sensory science.
7. One of the most famous scientists/ scholars in genetics, Frederick Sanger established the amino acid sequence, which identified a greater understanding of the polypeptides of insulin.
Ex. 2. What is the difference between
- basic research and action research?
- basic research and applied research?
- extensive research and intensive research?
- effective research and efficient research?
