Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with the words below

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with the words below

a) tailpipe emissions b) regenerative braking    c) all-electric range

d) accelerator pedal e) motor controller

1.                           is unique to EVs and enables the vehicle’s ki- netic energy to be converted back to electrical energy during braking.

2. A                           can include automatic or manual means for starting / stopping the motor, choosing forward / reverse rotation, selecting and controlling the speed, etc.

3. A PHEV often has a larger battery than a hybrid and provides a longer.

4.                            result from fuel combustion in a vehicle’s en-

gine.

5. According to the regulations, the                           is “the only

means by which the driver may control acceleration torque to the driven

wheels.”

 

Exercise 3. Pair work. Talk to your partner about advantages and dis- advantages of electric vehicles as compared to gasoline vehicles. Make use of the information provided below

Electric	Gasoline
Environmental impact
No tailpipe emissions	Greenhouse gases / Pollution
Recharge or refuel time
About 6-7 hours	Less than 5 minutes
Costs
About 2 cents per mile	More than 12 cents per mile
Purchase price
Higher price	Lower price
Driving range
62-294 miles	240-703 miles

SUMMARY WRITING

How to write a summary of a text

1. Определите название текста

The title of the text is “…” (The text is entitled “…”)

2. Определите автора текста

The author of the text is … (The text is written by …)

3. Определите источник публикации

The text is taken from … (The text is published in …, number …, on page

…)

4. Определите основную идею текста

The text is about … (The main idea of the text is …; The text is devoted to

…; The purpose of the text is to give the reader some information on …)

5. Кратко передайте содержание текста (10-15 предложений)

The author starts by telling the reader that … The author stresses …

It is reported that … It is found out that … It is assumed that …

It is pointed out that …

It is claimed that …

Particular emphasis is placed on the fact, that …

The text discusses… The text considers… The text analyzes… The text reports on …

Further the author reports that … According to the text, …

Much (little) attention is given to the fact, that …

A careful account is given to …

A detailed (brief) description is given to the fact, that … Of particular interest is the fact, that …

The author cites … (the words of…, who says, that …)

6. Определите выводы, к которым приходит автор в конце текста

In conclusion the author wants to add that …

It is recognized that …

7. Выразите свое мнение по обсуждаемой проблеме

The text is expressive/very emotional The text contains very important facts

The text contains the most up-to-date information on …

The text is of (great) interest for … The text is (highly) recommended to … The information is of value for …

The text contains a lot of key (important) words (terms), such as …