Section 3: Vocabulary exercises

1. Pronunciation drill:

Neptune

Nebula

Constellation

Interstellar

Saturn

Venus

Cassiopeia

Uranus

Quasar

Pulsar

Ursa Minor

Crescent

Orion

White dwarf

Galaxy

Meteor

Meteorite

Comet

Jupiter

Gravity

2. Give the English equivalents to the following words and word-combinations:

Летучий испаряющийся компонент

Двойные звезды

Тела, подобные Земле

Ядро кометы

Автоматическая станция

С дистанционным управлением

Зачаточная планетная система

Ракета-носитель

Космический корабль многоразового использования

Прибавляющая луна

Диапазон частот

Электромагнитные волны

Радиоизлучение

Подвижная радиостанция

Частота

Убывающая луна

Катапультироваться

Стыковаться

Старт

Запуск

3. Match the definitions on the right and the equivalents on the left:

1. mission	1. a small space vehicle in which astronauts return to Earth from space
2. satellite	2. an occasion when a plane or rocket vehicle for travelling into space is flown for the first time in order to test its equipment
3. splash down	3. a flight into space
4. space probe	4. the equipment or people in a space vehicle
5. space capsule	5. an extra engine on a spacecraft that gives it enough power to leave the Earth’s atmosphere
6. test flight	6. alight / land on water, come down on water
7. Apollo	7. an object that is sent into space to travel round the Earth in order to receive and send
8. payload	8. to send a missile, space vehicle, satellite, or other object into the air or into space
9. booster	9. a US space programme that sent rockets into space in the 1960s and 1970s and put the first man on the Moon
10. launch	10. a vehicle containing cameras and other equipment that is sent into space to collect information and send it back to Earth

4. Arrange the words in pairs of synonyms:

1) To explore, to revolve, to locate, to spin, to study, to rotate, to detect, to go round, to twinkle, to light up, to orbit, to flicker, to shine, to cycle

2) Space, gravitational forces, stellar, astrophysicist, cosmonaut, celestial body, weightlessness, terrestrial gravitation, cosmologist, Universe, unaided eye, Earth’s attraction, astronaut, heavenly body, imponderability, naked eye, gravitational pull, star

5. Match the equivalents:

1. celestial body 1. вращаться

2. solar system 2. солнечная система

3. to revolve 3. земное притяжение

4. constellation 4. комета

5. expanding of the Universe 5. невесомость

6. satellite 6. зарождаться

7. meteorite 7. небесное тело

8. Earth’s attraction 8. созвездие

9. velocity 9. туманность

10. Planetary-like 10.скорость

11. imponderability 11. метеорит

12. outer space 12. невооруженный глаз

13. comet 13. открытый космос

14. nebulae 14. расширение Вселенной

15. unaided eye 15. спутник

16. to originate 16. планетарный (структура)

6. Paraphrase the following underlined words in the sentences:

1. The birth of the Universe and of the Planet Earth has puzzled the imagination of people since time immemorial.
2. At night we can see different stars form the Earth.
3. The Mars has two sputniks, Phobos and Deimos.
4. Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter there is a belt of small bodies and over 1600 of these bodies were observed and there are probably thousands more.
5. Copernicus suggested that the Sun was at the true centre of the Universe and the Earth and other planets moved around it.
6. Many secrets are kept in the interstellar space.

7. Give the English equivalents to the Russian phrases:

1. происхождение Вселенной
2. расширение Вселенной
3. исследование космического пространства
4. выйти за пределы солнечной системы
5. мощная система поиска
6. тела, подобные планете земля
7. космическая пыль
8. небесное тело
9. земное притяжение
10. материя планетарной структуры
11. зачаточные формы жизни

8. Translate into Russian.