Vocabulary

wild brood stocks	косяк (стая) рыб в реке
captivity	неволя
brood fish	ручьевая рыба
spawn	нереститься, выметывать икру
fall	осень
to broadcast	разбрасывать
to fertilize	оплодотворять
to hatch	выклевываться
benthos	бентос – донные живые организмы (личинки насекомых и др.)
nekton	нектон
red drum	красный горбыль
striped bass	полосатый окунь

11.4 Translate the given Russian words into the English ones:

1) Some species spawn in fall or (зима), some in (весна).

2) The key to inducing spawning may be changing temperature such as falling temperature late in the year or (повышение) temperature in the spring.

3) Increasing or (уменьшение) the amount of daylight present.

4) The larval animals may swim about in the plankton to enter the benthos or (нектон) community.

Topic for discussion

1. Speak about conditions required for reproduction.

Part 2

Read the following international words and translate them. (Mind the part of speech).

Natural, hormone, injections, product, ammonia, incubation, periods, mechanical, category.

Give Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations.

Adhesive masses, hormone injections, shallow nests, warm water species, proper conditions, brood animals, to induce spawning, mechanical damage, waste products.